Chapter 23, Problem 38PS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structural formula of the given alcohols has to be drawn. The given alochol is whether primary, secondary or tertiary alcohol has tobe identified.

Concept introduction:

The structure of the alcohols can be drawn with the help of their systematic name.

(1) The parent name give the information about the longest chain of the carbon atoms for alkane.

(2) The prefix written in the systematic name tells about the side chains and their positions.

(3) Numbering should be given according to side chain, so that carbon atom having side chain get a least numbering.

(4) If molecule has more than one side chain which are different then name should be written alphabetically

Alcohols are the hydrocarbons which have $\text{OH}$ group attached to one of the carbon atom of the linear chain. The suffix name for $\text{OH}$ group is “-ol” written in the end of parent name with its position.

Alcohols can be of three types on the basis of degree of carbon atom to which the $\text{OH}$ group is attached.

Primary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to primary carbon atom.

Secondary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to secondary carbon atom

Tertiary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to tertiary carbon atom

Answer to Problem 38PS

The structural formula of the alcohol 1-butanol is,

  

It is a primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The systematic name of given alcohol is 1-butanol.

• The longest chain will have four carbon atoms as parent chain name is butane.
• The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to $\text{C-1}$

Therefore, the structural formula of the alcohol 1-butanol is,

  

• The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to primary carbon atom which makes it a primary alcohol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structural formula of the given alcohols has to be drawn. The given alochol is whether primary, secondary or tertiary alcohol has tobe identified.

Concept introduction:

The structure of the alcohols can be drawn with the help of their systematic name.

(1) The parent name give the information about the longest chain of the carbon atoms for alkane.

(2) The prefix written in the systematic name tells about the side chains and their positions.

(3) Numbering should be given according to side chain, so that carbon atom having side chain get a least numbering.

(4) If molecule has more than one side chain which are different then name should be written alphabetically

Alcohols are the hydrocarbons which have $\text{OH}$ group attached to one of the carbon atom of the linear chain. The suffix name for $\text{OH}$ group is “-ol” written in the end of parent name with its position.

Alcohols are the hydrocarbons which have $\text{OH}$ group attached to one of the carbon atom of the linear chain. The suffix name for $\text{OH}$ group is “-ol” written in the end of parent name with its position.

Alcohols can be of three types on the basis of degree of carbon atom to which the $\text{OH}$ group is attached.

Primary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to primary carbon atom.

Secondary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to secondary carbon atom

Tertiary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to tertiary carbon atom

Answer to Problem 38PS

The structural formula of the alcohol 2-butanol is,

  

It is a secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The systematic name of given alcohol is 2-butanol.

• The longest chain will have four carbon atoms as parent chain name is butane.
• The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to $\text{C-2}$

Therefore the structural formula of the alcohol 2-butanol is drawn below.

  

• The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to secondary carbon atom which makes it a secondary alcohol.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structural formula of the given alcohols has to be drawn. The given alochol is whether primary, secondary or tertiary alcohol has tobe identified.

Concept introduction:

The structure of the alcohols can be drawn with the help of their systematic name.

(1) The parent name give the information about the longest chain of the carbon atoms for alkane.

(2) The prefix written in the systematic name tells about the side chains and their positions.

(3) Numbering should be given according to side chain, so that carbon atom having side chain get a least numbering.

(4) If molecule has more than one side chain which are different then name should be written alphabetically

Alcohols are the hydrocarbons which have $\text{OH}$ group attached to one of the carbon atom of the linear chain. The suffix name for $\text{OH}$ group is “-ol” written in the end of parent name with its position.

Alcohols can be of three types on the basis of degree of carbon atom to which the $\text{OH}$ group is attached.

Primary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to primary carbon atom.

Secondary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to secondary carbon atom

Tertiary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to tertiary carbon atom

Answer to Problem 38PS

The structural formula of the alcohol 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol is,

  

It is a secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The systematic name of given alcohol is 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol

• The longest chain will have four carbon atoms as parent chain name is butane.
• The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to $\text{C-2}$
• Two methyl groups are attached to $\text{C-3}$

Therefore the structural formula of the alcohol 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol is drawn below.

  

• The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to secondary carbon atom which makes it a secondary alcohol.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structural formula of the given alcohols has to be drawn. The given alochol is whether primary, secondary or tertiary alcohol has tobe identified.

Concept introduction:

The structure of the alcohols can be drawn with the help of their systematic name.

(1) The parent name give the information about the longest chain of the carbon atoms for alkane.

(2) The prefix written in the systematic name tells about the side chains and their positions.

(3) Numbering should be given according to side chain, so that carbon atom having side chain get a least numbering.

(4) If molecule has more than one side chain which are different then name should be written alphabetically

Alcohols are the hydrocarbons which have $\text{OH}$ group attached to one of the carbon atom of the linear chain. The suffix name for $\text{OH}$ group is “-ol” written in the end of parent name with its position.

Alcohols can be of three types on the basis of degree of carbon atom to which the $\text{OH}$ group is attached.

Primary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to primary carbon atom.

Secondary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to secondary carbon atom

Tertiary alcohol: The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to tertiary carbon atom

Answer to Problem 38PS

The structural formula of the alcohol 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol is,

  

It is a primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The systematic name of alcohol is given 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol.

• The longest chain will have four carbon atoms as parent chain name is butane.
• The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to $\text{C-1}$
• Two methyl groups are attached to $\text{C-3}$

Therefore the structural formula of the alcohol 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol is drawn below.

  

• The $\text{OH}$ group is attached to primary carbon atom which makes it a primary alcohol.