
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The enolates that are formed by the reaction of the given
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one
The bulky base like LDA always abstracts the proton from the side of less substituted

Answer to Problem 23.9P
The enolates that are formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution and with
Explanation of Solution
The enolate that is formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution is shown is shown as,
Figure 1
In this reaction, the given ketone is treated with LDA in the presence of THF solution to form an enolate ion. The strong base, LDA abstracts a proton from the less substituted carbon atom of the compound.
The enolate that is formed by the reaction of the given ketone with
Figure 2
In this reaction, the given ketone is treated with
The enolates that are formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution and with
(b)
Interpretation: The enolates that are formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution and with
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The nucleophilic reaction that consists of bimolecular as well as bond-making and bond-breaking steps is termed as
The bulky base like LDA always abstracts the proton from the side of less substituted

Answer to Problem 23.9P
The enolates that are formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution and with
Explanation of Solution
The enolate that is formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution is shown is shown as,
Figure 3
In this reaction, the given ketone is treated with LDA in the presence of THF solution to form an enolate ion. The strong base, LDA abstracts a proton from the less substituted carbon atom of the compound.
The enolate that is formed by the reaction of the given ketone with
Figure 4
In this reaction, the given ketone is treated with
The enolates that are formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution and with
(c)
Interpretation: The enolates that are formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution and with
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The nucleophilic reaction that consists of bimolecular as well as bond-making and bond-breaking steps is termed as
The bulky base like LDA always abstracts the proton from the side of less substituted

Answer to Problem 23.9P
The enolates that are formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution and with
Explanation of Solution
The enolate that is formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution is shown is shown as,
Figure 5
In this reaction, the given ketone is treated with LDA in the presence of THF solution to from an enolate ion. The strong base, LDA abstracts a proton from the less substituted carbon atom of the compound.
The enolate that is formed by the reaction of the given ketone with
Figure 6
In this reaction, the given ketone is treated with
The enolates that are formed by the reaction of the given ketone with LDA present in the THF solution and with
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Chapter 23 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- Determine the structures of the missing organic molecules in the following reaction: + H₂O +H H+ Y Z ☑ ☑ Note: Molecules that share the same letter have the exact same structure. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic molecules X, Y, and Z. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Molecule X shows up in multiple steps, but you only have to draw its structure once. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. AP +arrow_forwardPlease help, this is all the calculations i got!!! I will rate!!!Approx mass of KMnO in vial: 3.464 4 Moss of beaker 3×~0. z Nax200: = 29.9219 Massof weacerv after remosimgain N2C2O4. Need to fill in all the missing blanks. ง ง Approx mass of KMnO4 in vials 3.464 Mass of beaker + 3x ~0-304: 29.9219 2~0.20 Miss of beaker + 2x- 29.7239 Mass of beaker + 1x~0.2g Naz (204 29-5249 Mass of beaver after removing as qa Na₂ C₂O T1 T2 T3 Final Buiet reading Initial butet reading (int)) Hass of NaOr used for Titration -reading (mL) calculation Results: 8.5ml 17mL 27.4mL Oml Om Oml T1 T2 T3 Moles of No CO Moles of KMO used LOF KM. O used Molenty of KMNO Averagem Of KMOWLarrow_forwardDraw the skeletal ("line") structure of 2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanal. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Xarrow_forward
- Determine whether the following molecule is a hemiacetal, acetal, or neither and select the appropriate box below. Also, highlight the hemiacetal or acetal carbon if there is one. hemiacetal acetal Oneither OHarrow_forwardWhat is the missing reactant R in this organic reaction? ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ +R H3O+ • Draw the structure of R in the drawing area below. N • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds if it's necessary to draw one particular enantiomer. Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forwardWrite the systematic name of each organic molecule: H structure H OH OH H OH name ☐ OHarrow_forward
- Determine whether each of the following molecules is a hemiacetal, acetal, or neither and select the appropriate box in the table. CH3O OH OH OH hemiacetal acetal neither hemiacetal acetal neither Xarrow_forwardWhat is the missing reactant R in this organic reaction? N N དལ་ད་་ + R • Draw the structure of R in the drawing area below. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds if it's necessary to draw one particular enantiomer. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ㄖˋarrow_forwardDraw the condensed structure of 4-hydroxy-3-methylbutanal. Click anywhere to draw the first atom of your structure.arrow_forward
- Using the bond energy values, calculate the energy that must be supplied or is released upon the polymerization of 755 monomers. If energy must be supplied, provide a positive number; if energy is released, provide a negative number. Hint: Avogadro’s number is 6.02 × 1023.arrow_forward-AG|F=2E|V 3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized. Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14: Acidic solution -0.93 +0.38 -0.51 -0.06 H3PO4 →H4P206 H3PO3 H3PO2 → P→ PH3 -0.28 -0.50 → -0.50 Basic solution 3-1.12 -1.57 -2.05 -0.89 PO HPO →→H2PO2 P PH3 -1.73 a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the formation and reduction of H4P2O6 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both processes; comment. (3 points) 0.5 PH, 0.0 -0.5- 2 3 9 3 -1.5 -2.0 Pa H,PO H,PO H,PO -3 -1 0 2 4 Oxidation state, N 2 b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic conditions is shown. Identify possible disproportionation and comproportionation processes; write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points) c) Elemental phosphorus tends to disproportionate under basic conditions. Use data in…arrow_forwardThese two reactions appear to start with the same starting materials but result in different products. How do the chemicals know which product to form? Are both products formed, or is there some information missing that will direct them a particular way?arrow_forward
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