Whether the following statements are true or false: a. The reactions of beta-oxidation crop fatty acids into three-carbon pyruvate units. b. Most amino acids are converted into products that are oxidized by beta-oxidation. c. The final common pathway for carbohydrate, protein, and lipid catabolism is the same. d. Fat oxidation generates more ATP than protein or carbohydrate catabolism. e. Fat and protein catabolism takes place primarily in the cytosol. Introduction: Cellular respiration involves catabolic reactions to harness energy from food substances by breaking large molecules into simple ones. Glucose is the most preferred fuel used by all the cells of the body. Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain are the three steps of glucose metabolisms, which eventually produce a large number of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 23, Problem 10CYR

Summary Introduction

To review:

Whether the following statements are true or false:

a. The reactions of beta-oxidation crop fatty acids into three-carbon pyruvate units.

b. Most amino acids are converted into products that are oxidized by beta-oxidation.

c. The final common pathway for carbohydrate, protein, and lipid catabolism is the same.

d. Fat oxidation generates more ATP than protein or carbohydrate catabolism.

e. Fat and protein catabolism takes place primarily in the cytosol.

Introduction:

Cellular respiration involves catabolic reactions to harness energy from food substances by breaking large molecules into simple ones. Glucose is the most preferred fuel used by all the cells of the body. Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain are the three steps of glucose metabolisms, which eventually produce a large number of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules.

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Which of the following statements about the "central role" of TCA is/are correct? a. Some metabolic intermediates of TCA are used as non-carbohydrate sources for gluconeogenesis. b. β-oxidation of lipids produces acetyl-CoA that can enter TCA. c. All metabolic intermediates in TCA are used in the biosynthesis of amino acids. d. Degraded amino acids are converted to metabolic intermediates of TCA, then to ketone bodies.

Which of the following produces the highest number of reducing equivalent molecules per mole of a saturated 10 carbon fatty acid chain in aerobic conditions? A. Oxidation of Malate to Oxaloacetate B. the Electron Transport Chain C. Oxidation of a-Ketoglutarate to Succinyl-COA D. the B-Oxidation "spiral"

For each of the following conditions, state whether this condition would be occurring during gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, or both in liver cells. a. Transporting malate from the cytosol into the mitochondria. _____________ b. Transporting pyruvate from the cytosol into the mitochondria. _____________ c. We would have an increased (or increasing) concentration of F26BP. __________ d. Increased concentration of F6P.__________ e. Hexokinase IV (or glucokinase) is found in the nucleus of the cell. __________ f. The enzyme that synthesizes/breaks down F26BP is phosphorylated. __________ g. Elevated levels of glucagon in the blood. ____________

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 23, Problem 10CYR

Summary Introduction

To review:

Whether the following statements are true or false:

a. The reactions of beta-oxidation crop fatty acids into three-carbon pyruvate units.

b. Most amino acids are converted into products that are oxidized by beta-oxidation.

c. The final common pathway for carbohydrate, protein, and lipid catabolism is the same.

d. Fat oxidation generates more ATP than protein or carbohydrate catabolism.

e. Fat and protein catabolism takes place primarily in the cytosol.

Introduction:

Cellular respiration involves catabolic reactions to harness energy from food substances by breaking large molecules into simple ones. Glucose is the most preferred fuel used by all the cells of the body. Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain are the three steps of glucose metabolisms, which eventually produce a large number of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 23, Problem 10CYR

Summary Introduction

To review:

Whether the following statements are true or false:

a. The reactions of beta-oxidation crop fatty acids into three-carbon pyruvate units.

b. Most amino acids are converted into products that are oxidized by beta-oxidation.

c. The final common pathway for carbohydrate, protein, and lipid catabolism is the same.

d. Fat oxidation generates more ATP than protein or carbohydrate catabolism.

e. Fat and protein catabolism takes place primarily in the cytosol.

Introduction:

Cellular respiration involves catabolic reactions to harness energy from food substances by breaking large molecules into simple ones. Glucose is the most preferred fuel used by all the cells of the body. Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain are the three steps of glucose metabolisms, which eventually produce a large number of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 23, Problem 10CYR

Summary Introduction