Chapter 22, Problem 40P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A reasonable explanation is to be provided for each of the listed observations.

Concept introduction:

Boiling point of a compound depends on the strength of intermolecular forces between its molecules. Stronger the intermolecular forces, higher the boiling point.

The strength of different types of intermolecular forces in covalent compounds varies as $\text{dispersion forces < dipole-dipole interactions < hydrogen bonds}$.

Addition to a planar ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$ hybride reaction center will result in a mixture of isomers when the reagent can approach it unhindered from either sides.

Quaternary ammonium hydoxides undergo $\text{E2}$ elimination.

Primary amines are diazotized when treated with an acidic solution of sodium nitrate. Diazo compounds are unstable and decompose easily to produce a carbocation.

Primary carbocation can undergo rearrangement if it results in a more stable secondary or tertiary carbocation.