FUND.OF GEN CHEM CHAP 1-13 W/ACCESS
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781323406038
Author: McMurry
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 22, Problem 22.77CP
Why is it important for the cell that the NADH produced when pyruvate is converted to lactate be converted back to NAD+?
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What is the term for the process whereby the synthesis of ATP is coupled to the conversion of NADH or FADH2 to NAD+ or FAD, respectively?
How many molecules of NADH are produced if 12 molecules of glucose enter the glycolytic pathway?
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) plays an essential role in an exercising muscle, especially when the level of excursion surpasses the ability of circulatory systems ability
to supply adequate oxygen. What is the main reason LDH is so important to the muscle under these conditions?
It produces one mole of ATP via substrate level phosphorylation.
It resupplies NAD+ to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
It decreases pH thus decreasing the dissociation rate of oxygen from hemoglobin
It produces NADH for energy while converting pyruvate into lactate.
It removes excess lactic acid from the muscle to create pyruvate.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
FUND.OF GEN CHEM CHAP 1-13 W/ACCESS
Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 22.1PCh. 22.2 - Prob. 22.2PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.3PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.4PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.5PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.6KCPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.1CIAPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.2CIAPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.3CIAPCh. 22.4 - Explain the chemical process that leads to...
Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 22.5CIAPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.7PCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.8PCh. 22.5 - In alcoholic fermentation, each mole of pyruvate...Ch. 22.5 - Name three ways humans have exploited the ability...Ch. 22.5 - Pyruvate has three different fates. What are the...Ch. 22.6 - Prob. 22.12PCh. 22.6 - Prob. 22.13PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.14PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.15PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.16KCPCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.6CIAPCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.7CIAPCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.8CIAPCh. 22.8 - Prob. 22.17PCh. 22.8 - Prob. 22.18PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.19PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.20PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.21PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.9CIAPCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.10CIAPCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.11CIAPCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.12CIAPCh. 22 - What class of enzymes catalyzes the majority of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.23UKCCh. 22 - Prob. 22.24UKCCh. 22 - Prob. 22.25UKCCh. 22 - Classify each enzyme of glycolysis into one of the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.27UKCCh. 22 - Name the molecules used for gluconeogenesis. What...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.31APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.32APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.33APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.34APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.35APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.36APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.37APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.38APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.39APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.40APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.41APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.42APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.43APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.44APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.45APCh. 22 - Review the 10 steps in glycolysis (Figure 22.3)...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.47APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.49APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.50APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.51APCh. 22 - How many moles of acetyl-CoA are produced by the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.53APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.54APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.55APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.56APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.57APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.58APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.59APCh. 22 - Why does glycogenolysis use fewer steps than the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.61APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.62APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.63APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.64APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.65APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.66APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.67APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.68APCh. 22 - Why can pyruvate cross the mitochondrial membrane...Ch. 22 - Look at the glycolysis pathway (Figure 22.3). With...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.71CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.72CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.74CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.75CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.76CPCh. 22 - Why is it important for the cell that the NADH...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.78CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.79CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.80CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.81CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.82GPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.83GPCh. 22 - It is important to avoid air when making wine, so...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.85GP
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- Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate will be converted to lactic acid. Why does this occur? To convert NADH to NAD* to feed back into glycolysis To supply the glycolysis reaction glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate with needed electrons in the form of NADH Because lactic acid can be converted to glucose to feed back into glycolysis Because lactic acid is needed to resupply glycolysis with electrons Oarrow_forwardHow come high levels of NADH indicate reduced coenzymes rather than oxidized coenzymes? Isn't pyruvate oxidized by the reduction of NAD+ to NADH? Why is the answer reduced then?arrow_forwardWhat is the net synthesis of ATP when one molecule of fructose-6-phosphate gets converted into 2 molecules of pyruvate?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is true? (A) The purpose of the pentose phosphate pathway is to produce NADH for use in anabolic pathways and ribose 6-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis.(B) The oxidative arm of the PPP produces (2) NADPH per glucose 6-phosphate that enters the pathway. (C) Phosphopentose isomerase converts the ribose 5-phosphate made in the oxidative arm of the PPP into ribulose 5-phosphate that is used to form the ribose sugar of nucleotides.(D) The non-oxidative arm of the PPP interconverts between ribose 5-phosphate and a variety of intermediates of b-oxidation. (E) One of the functions of the PPP is to provide NADPH that inhibits glutathione reductase so that it cannot oxidatively damage RBCs.arrow_forwardDoes high amount of NADPHs inhibit or promote glycolysis and promote or inhibit the Pentose Phosphate PAthway?arrow_forwardWhy is less ATP is made from the reoxidation of FADH2 compared to NADH?arrow_forward
- In order to metabolize lactose, most infants express the enzyme lactase in their intestines. How many pyruvate molecules and NADH molecules can be generated in glycolysis from one lactose molecule? Please explain. How many ATP molecules will be used and generated by 1 lactose molecule? Please explain.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements about PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate) synthesis is correct? Pyruvate can be converted to PEP by a combination of reactions that use energy from two different types of nucleotide triphosphate Pyruvate can be converted to PEP by pyruvate kinase via a single reaction. Pyruvate can be converted to PEP by a mutase. Pyruvate is converted to PEP by the citric acid cycle.arrow_forwardWhy is the cell's ability to regenerate NAD+ critical to glycolysis? Which step of glycolysis requires NAD*?arrow_forward
- Outline malate-aspartate shuttle which aims to bring cytosolic NADH into the mitochondria.arrow_forwardWhat is the process that sustains the redox balance of glycolysis under aerobic conditions? transport of lactate from the cell regeneration of NAD* in the citric acid cycle formation of NADH in the reaction of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase regeneration of NAD* in fermentation processes regeneration of NAD* in the mitochondrial electron-transport chainarrow_forwardDescribe the mechanism in which NADH is involved in the activation of oxygen molecules in fatty acid desaturation processes.arrow_forward
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