FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY - LL FD
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY - LL FD
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781119598022
Author: Voet
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 22, Problem 21E
Summary Introduction

To explain: The reason why type 1 diabetes requires the insulin injections, whereas it is effective only in a portion of type-2 diabetes.

Concept introduction: Diabetes mellitus usually known as diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over an extended period. Diabetes can cause many complications when it is left untreated. There are three main types of diabetes mellitus; type 1 DM, type 2 DM, and gestational diabetes.

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The beta-lactamase hydrolyzes the lactam-ring in penicillin. Describe the mechanism  of hydrolysis, insuring to include the involvement of S, D, & K in the reaction sequence. Please help
To map the active site of beta-lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. Why doesn't D in this hexapeptide not participate in the hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring even though S, K, and D are involved in the catalyst?
To map the active site of -lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine.  Using the experimental results described above derive the primary sequence of the active site hexapeptide. Please help!
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