Chapter 21.6, Problem 13P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The other monosaccharides that are reduced to the alditol obtained from the reduction of given monosaccharides are to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides:

Monosaccharides are made from the biomolecules that comprise carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms.  These molecules cannot be broken into the simpler compounds.  The disaccharides and polysaccharides are further formed from monosaccharide units.

A numbers of isomers are obtained from biomolecules due to the chiral nature of carbon atoms.

Chiral molecules are those molecules that consist of different groups or atoms around the central atom. Isomers are those compounds that have same molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms, groups or substituents in a compound.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The monosaccharides that are reduced to two alditols and out of two, the alditol obtained from the reduction of the given monosaccharides are to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides:

Monosaccharides are made from the biomolecules that comprise carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms.  These molecules cannot be broken into the simpler compounds.

The disaccharides and polysaccharides are further formed from monosaccharide units.  A numbers of isomers are obtained from biomolecules due to the chiral nature of carbon atoms.

Chiral molecules are those molecules that consist of different groups or atoms around the central atom.  Isomers are those compounds that have same molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms, groups or substituents in a compound.