Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 21, Problem 73Q
To determine
The effect on Earth’s orbit if the Sun suddenly became a black hole.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
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- If the Sun were to collapse into a black hole, the point of no return for an investigator would be approximately 3 km from the center singularity. Would the investingator be able to survive visiting even 300 km from the center? Answer this by finding the difference in the gravitatoinal attraction the black holes exerts on a 1.0-kg mass at the head and at the feet of the investigator.arrow_forwardA black hole is an object with mass, but no spatial extent. It truly is a particle. A black hole may form from a dead star. Such a black hole has a mass several times the mass of the Sun. Imagine a black hole whose mass is ten times the mass of the Sun. a. Would you expect the period of an object orbiting the black hole with a semimajor axis of 1 AU to have a period greater than, less than, or equal to 1 yr? Explain your reasoning. b. Use Equation 7.6 to calculate this period.arrow_forwardWhat would be the Schwarzschild radius, in light years, if our Milky Way galaxy of 100 billion stars collapsed into a black hole? Compare this to our distance from the center, about 13,000 light years.arrow_forward
- As a person approaches the Schwarzschild radius fo a black hole, outside observers see all the processes of that person (their clocks, their heart rate, etc.) slowing down, and coming to a halst as they reach the Schwarzschild radius. (The person falling into the black hole sees their own processes unaffected.) But the speed of light is the same everywhere for all observers. What does this say about space as you approach the black hole?arrow_forwardWhat is the Schwarzschild radius (in km) of a 6Msun black hole? What fraction of the Earth's radius is this? What percent of the speed of light (2.998 x 108 m/s) is the escape velocity at the Schwarzschild radius? Part 1 of 3 The Schwarzschild radius of a black hole is given by: 2GM Rs = c2 so for the given mass, 2G(6)(Msun) Rs c2 where M. Sun = 1.99 x 1030 kg. Then convert this into kilometers using 1 km = 1,000 m. Rs kmarrow_forwardNow look at the two images labeled "At a distance of 2.5M" and "At a distance of 2.1M". These show what happens as you move towards the black hole, looking away from it. What happens to your field of view of everything outside the black hole?arrow_forward
- A black hole is an object so massive that not even light can escape, one way to define the size of a black hole is by the Schwarzschild Radius, which is the radius at which the escape velocity is equal to the speed of light. If we were to condense the Earth into a black hole, what would be the size of its Schwarzschild Radius?arrow_forwardThe Schwarzschild radius of a certain black hole is 30n kilometers. The mass of this black hole, in units of solar masses, Mo, is given by M x aMo What is the value of a, if n = 5 (give only an integer value).arrow_forwardThe area of the event Horizon of a black hole is 4tRg². Use the Schwarzschild metric to verify this. (Please answer in detail or skip)arrow_forward
- As a person approaches the Schwarzschild radius of a black hole, outside observers see all the processes of that person (their clocks, their heart rate, etc.) slowing down, and coming to a halt as they reach the Schwarzschild radius. (The person falling into the black hole sees their own processes unaffected.) But the speed of light is the same everywhere for all observers. What does this say about space as you approach the black hole?arrow_forwardThe kinetic energy of the ejecta from a supernova explosion is about 10^44 joules. Use the formula for kinetic energy to determine the typical speed at which matter is ejected from a supernova with a mass of 10 Msun. Compare that speed with the Sunʹs orbital speed around our galaxy. Based on your comparison, do you think the galaxyʹs gravity would be strong enough to retain the supernova debris if there were no interstellar medium to slow it down? Explain.arrow_forwardConsidering both special relativity and gravity, how much does Alice age if Julie ages 1 year?arrow_forward
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