Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 21, Problem 47Q
To determine
Two ways that a member of the binary star system could become a black hole.
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a double line
The velocity curve for
spectroscopic binary is shown in the sketch.
The system is viewed edge-on, i.e., with an
inclination angle of i = 90°, so that the
maximum possible Doppler shifts for this
system are observed.
400
U, Aini
300
200
oo - v Ain i
100
-100
-200
-300
400
o 1 2 3 +s 7 8
10
Time (daye)
Find the orbital period of this binary in days.
Doppler Velocity
(2esun)
Five astronauts (A - E) are watching a star collapse to form a black hole.
Which of the flight plans require that the astronaut travel faster than
light?
A COLLAPSING STAR THAT FORMS BLACK HOLE
r=0 Singularity
Time
Inside of Star
At
B
D
Rs
Radius of a Star
E
A light of wavelength 620 nm is emitted from the following four places. What wavelength is observed for this light by an observer a long distance away? (The objects are not moving with respect to the observer)
The surface of a 0.84 solar mass white dwarf that has a radius of 708000 km:
?
The surface of a 2.52 solar mass neutron star that has a radius of 14.2 km:
2 Schwarzschild radii from a 20 solar mass black hole:
?
1.048 Schwarzschild radii from a 20 solar mass black hole:
?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1QCh. 21 - Prob. 2QCh. 21 - Prob. 3QCh. 21 - Prob. 4QCh. 21 - Prob. 5QCh. 21 - Prob. 6QCh. 21 - Prob. 7QCh. 21 - Prob. 8QCh. 21 - Prob. 9QCh. 21 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 21 - Prob. 11QCh. 21 - Prob. 12QCh. 21 - Prob. 13QCh. 21 - Prob. 14QCh. 21 - Prob. 15QCh. 21 - Prob. 16QCh. 21 - Prob. 17QCh. 21 - Prob. 18QCh. 21 - Prob. 19QCh. 21 - Prob. 20QCh. 21 - Prob. 21QCh. 21 - Prob. 22QCh. 21 - Prob. 23QCh. 21 - Prob. 24QCh. 21 - Prob. 25QCh. 21 - Prob. 26QCh. 21 - Prob. 27QCh. 21 - Prob. 28QCh. 21 - Prob. 29QCh. 21 - Prob. 30QCh. 21 - Prob. 31QCh. 21 - Prob. 32QCh. 21 - Prob. 33QCh. 21 - Prob. 34QCh. 21 - Prob. 35QCh. 21 - Prob. 36QCh. 21 - Prob. 37QCh. 21 - Prob. 38QCh. 21 - Prob. 39QCh. 21 - Prob. 40QCh. 21 - Prob. 41QCh. 21 - Prob. 42QCh. 21 - Prob. 43QCh. 21 - Prob. 44QCh. 21 - Prob. 45QCh. 21 - Prob. 46QCh. 21 - Prob. 47QCh. 21 - Prob. 48QCh. 21 - Prob. 49QCh. 21 - Prob. 50QCh. 21 - Prob. 51QCh. 21 - Prob. 52QCh. 21 - Prob. 53QCh. 21 - Prob. 54QCh. 21 - Prob. 55QCh. 21 - Prob. 56QCh. 21 - Prob. 57QCh. 21 - Prob. 58QCh. 21 - Prob. 59QCh. 21 - Prob. 60QCh. 21 - Prob. 61QCh. 21 - Prob. 62QCh. 21 - Prob. 63QCh. 21 - Prob. 64QCh. 21 - Prob. 65QCh. 21 - Prob. 66QCh. 21 - Prob. 67QCh. 21 - Prob. 68QCh. 21 - Prob. 69QCh. 21 - Prob. 70QCh. 21 - Prob. 71QCh. 21 - Prob. 72QCh. 21 - Prob. 73QCh. 21 - Prob. 74QCh. 21 - Prob. 75Q
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- velocity curve for a double line spectroscopic binary is shown in the sketch. The system is viewed edge-on, i.e., with an inclination angle of i = 90°, so that the maximum possible Doppler shifts for this system are observed. 400 300 So = U, Ani 200 t0 = v Ain i 100 -100 -200 -300 400 O 1 2 3 1 s 1 8: 10 Time (days) Find the orbital period of this binary in days. Doppler Velocity (krn/sec)arrow_forwardWhat is the Schwarzschild radius (in km) of a 20 solar mass black hole?arrow_forwardThe diagram shows the believed structure of a black hole if viewed from the top and in 3D. Calculate the Schartzchild Radius of a 25 Solar Mass black hole. The Mass of the Sun is 2x10^30kgarrow_forward
- Which statement concerning black hole masses and Schwarzschild radii is not true? A. Even an object as small as you could become a black hole if there were some way to compress you to a size smaller than your Schwarzschild radius. B. The more massive the black hole, the larger the Schwarzschild radius. C. For black holes produced in massive star supernovae, Schwarzschild radii are typically a few to a few tens of kilometers. D. In a binary system with a black hole, the Schwarzschild radius depends on the distance from the black hole to the companion star.arrow_forwardWhat is the Schwarzschild radius of a star with a mass of z × 10 Mun? The answer is in 106m. So if you calculated an answer like 157,895,250 convert it like this: 106 157, 895, 250 × 157.9 and that is what you will input 100000 z =2.57 y =3 M Sun = 2 × 10³⁰ kg =arrow_forwardWhat is the orbital period (in s) of a bit of matter in an accretion disk that is located 6 ✕ 105 km from a 99 M black hole? Hint: Use the circular orbit velocity formula, Vc = GM r . sarrow_forward
- Q1 (oints): A0620-00 is an X-ray binary system, there is a normal star and a compact object. For the normal star the radial orbital velocity is 457 km s and for the compact object it is 43 km s1.They have an orbital period of 0.3226 day. Calculate the mass function.arrow_forwardCalculate the Schwarzschild radius of the Sun.arrow_forwardB4arrow_forward
- When observed from Earth, the wavelengths of light emitted by a star are shifted toward the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum. Why does this redshift occur? A The star is at rest relative to Earth. The star is moving toward Earth at decreasing speed. The star is moving toward Earth at increasing speed. D The star is moving away from Earth. DOOOarrow_forwardThe velocity curve for a double spectroscopic binary is shown in the sketch. The system is viewed edge-on, i.e., with an inclination angle of i = 90°, so that the maximum possible Doppler shifts for this system are observed. line 400 So = U, Ani 300 200 loo = v Ain i 100 -100 -200 -300 400 • 1 2 3 • s 7 a 10 Time (days) Find the mass of star 1, mı, in terms of solar masses. 1 solar mass = 2x1030kg Round your answer to three significant figures. Doppler Velocity (20su)arrow_forwardAn AGN is emitting with a luminosity of 2×1040W. The AGN's brightness varies by 10% on a time scale of 20 hours. Assuming that the size of the emitting region of the AGN is three Schwarzschild radii, choose which of the following values could give the mass of the central Black Hole, in solar masses.arrow_forward
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