a) H 3 C-Cl Interpretation: Using δ + /δ - convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bond in H 3 C-Cl is to be indicated. Concept introduction: Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ + ) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ - ). To indicate: Using δ + / δ - convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bondÂ in H 3 C-Cl.

Question

5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15% glycerin by weight. If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate; e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt). f. Moles of CO2 evolved. g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed. h. Conversion efficiency. i. Per cent excess of excess reactant. Reactions: Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6 Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2 Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 2.1, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) H₃C-Cl

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bond in H₃C-Cl is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bondÂ in H₃C-Cl.

Interpretation Introduction

b) H₃C-NH₂

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bond in H₃C-NH₂ is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bondÂ in H₃C-NH₂.

Interpretation Introduction

c) H₂N-H

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H.

Interpretation Introduction

d) H₃C-SH

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bond in H₃C-SH is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:Â

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bondÂ in H₃C-SH.

Interpretation Introduction

e) H₃C- Mg Br

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bond in H₃C-Mg Br is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bondÂ in H₃C-Mg Br.

Interpretation Introduction

f) H₃C-F

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F.

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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15% glycerin by weight. If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate; e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt). f. Moles of CO2 evolved. g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed. h. Conversion efficiency. i. Per cent excess of excess reactant. Reactions: Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6 Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2 Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3

Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?

13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule depicted below. Bond B 2°C. +2°C. cleavage Bond A •CH3 + 26.← Cleavage 2°C. + Bond C +3°C• CH3 2C Cleavage E 2°C. 26. weakest bond Intact molecule Strongest 3°C 20. Gund Largest argest a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in appropriate boxes. C Weakest bond A Produces Most Bond Strongest Bond Strongest Gund produces least stable radicals Weakest Stable radical b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A, B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B, and C are all carbon radicals. i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. 13°C. formed in bound C cleavage ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. • CH3 methyl radical Formed in Gund A Cleavage c.…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 2.1, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) H₃C-Cl

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bond in H₃C-Cl is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bondÂ in H₃C-Cl.

Interpretation Introduction

b) H₃C-NH₂

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bond in H₃C-NH₂ is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bondÂ in H₃C-NH₂.

Interpretation Introduction

c) H₂N-H

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H.

Interpretation Introduction

d) H₃C-SH

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bond in H₃C-SH is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:Â

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bondÂ in H₃C-SH.

Interpretation Introduction

e) H₃C- Mg Br

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bond in H₃C-Mg Br is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bondÂ in H₃C-Mg Br.

Interpretation Introduction

f) H₃C-F

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 2.1, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) H₃C-Cl

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bond in H₃C-Cl is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bondÂ in H₃C-Cl.

Interpretation Introduction

b) H₃C-NH₂

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bond in H₃C-NH₂ is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bondÂ in H₃C-NH₂.

Interpretation Introduction

c) H₂N-H

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H.

Interpretation Introduction

d) H₃C-SH

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bond in H₃C-SH is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:Â

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bondÂ in H₃C-SH.

Interpretation Introduction

e) H₃C- Mg Br

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bond in H₃C-Mg Br is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bondÂ in H₃C-Mg Br.

Interpretation Introduction

f) H₃C-F

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 2.1, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) H₃C-Cl

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bond in H₃C-Cl is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bondÂ in H₃C-Cl.

Interpretation Introduction

b) H₃C-NH₂

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bond in H₃C-NH₂ is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bondÂ in H₃C-NH₂.

Interpretation Introduction

c) H₂N-H

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H.

Interpretation Introduction

d) H₃C-SH

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bond in H₃C-SH is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:Â

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bondÂ in H₃C-SH.

Interpretation Introduction

e) H₃C- Mg Br

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bond in H₃C-Mg Br is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bondÂ in H₃C-Mg Br.

Interpretation Introduction

f) H₃C-F

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F.

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Answer 5

Chapter 2.1, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) H₃C-Cl

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bond in H₃C-Cl is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bondÂ in H₃C-Cl.

Interpretation Introduction

b) H₃C-NH₂

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bond in H₃C-NH₂ is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bondÂ in H₃C-NH₂.

Interpretation Introduction

c) H₂N-H

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H.

Interpretation Introduction

d) H₃C-SH

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bond in H₃C-SH is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:Â

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bondÂ in H₃C-SH.

Interpretation Introduction

e) H₃C- Mg Br

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bond in H₃C-Mg Br is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bondÂ in H₃C-Mg Br.

Interpretation Introduction

f) H₃C-F

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F.

Answer 6

Chapter 2.1, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) H₃C-Cl

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bond in H₃C-Cl is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bondÂ in H₃C-Cl.

Answer 7

Chapter 2.1, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) H₃C-Cl

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bond in H₃C-Cl is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Cl bondÂ in H₃C-Cl.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b) H₃C-NH₂

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bond in H₃C-NH₂ is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bondÂ in H₃C-NH₂.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b) H₃C-NH₂

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bond in H₃C-NH₂ is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-N bondÂ in H₃C-NH₂.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c) H₂N-H

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c) H₂N-H

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/ δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for N-H bond in H₂N-H.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

d) H₃C-SH

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bond in H₃C-SH is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:Â

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bondÂ in H₃C-SH.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

d) H₃C-SH

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bond in H₃C-SH is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:Â

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-S bondÂ in H₃C-SH.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

e) H₃C- Mg Br

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bond in H₃C-Mg Br is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bondÂ in H₃C-Mg Br.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

e) H₃C- Mg Br

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bond in H₃C-Mg Br is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-Mg bondÂ in H₃C-Mg Br.

Answer 16

Interpretation Introduction

f) H₃C-F

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F.

Answer 17

Interpretation Introduction

f) H₃C-F

Interpretation:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Normally a crossed arrow is used to indicate the direction of the bond polarity. By convention electrons are displaced in the direction of the arrow. The tail of the arrow which looks like a plus sign is electron-poor (δ⁺) and the head of the arrow is electron rich (δ^-).

To indicate:

Using δ⁺/δ^- convention, the direction of expected polarity for C-F bond in H₃C-F.

Answer 18

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Answer 29

Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 2P Ch. 2.1 - Use the electronegativity values shown in Figure...Ch. 2.1 - Look at the following electrostatic potential map...Ch. 2.2 - Ethylene glycol, HOCH2CH2OH, may look nonpolar...Ch. 2.2 - Make three-dimensional drawings of the following...Ch. 2.3 - Calculate formal charges for the nonhydrogen atoms...Ch. 2.3 - Organic phosphate groups occur commonly in...Ch. 2.6 - Which of the following pairs of structures...Ch. 2.6 - Draw the indicated number of resonance forms for...

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Chapter 2 Solutions