DeGarmo's Materials and Processes in Manufacturing
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118987674
Author: J. T. Black, Ronald A. Kohser
Publisher: WILEY
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 1RQ
Why has the metal-cutting process resisted theoretical solution for so many years?
Expert Solution & Answer
To determine
The reason that the metal cutting process resisted theoretical solution for so many years.
Explanation of Solution
The zone where the chip is formed is not entirely bounded. For example, where the work piece is deformed in the die, in metal cutting, the work piece has free surfaces. In lathe turning, there are free surfaces at the work piece diameter and on the top of the forming chip. And, the boundaries that do exist (the tool-chip interface and the not well-defined deformation zone boundary in the work material) are challenging to characterize.
Further complications of the process are that the strains are enormous, and the strain rate is very high. Material properties at such conditions are not typically known. There are also a large number of process variables.
The theoretical solutions always need to be validated experimentally. It isn't very easy to obtain reliable, consistent experimental results that quantitatively describe the local deformation in the chip formation zone. The chip formation zone extends into the work piece below what will become the finished surface.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
DeGarmo's Materials and Processes in Manufacturing
Ch. 21 - Why has the metal-cutting process resisted...Ch. 21 - What variables must be considered in understanding...Ch. 21 - Which of the seven basic chip formation processes...Ch. 21 - How is feed related to speed in the machining...Ch. 21 - Before you select speed and feed for a machining...Ch. 21 - Milling has two feeds. What are they, and which...Ch. 21 - What is the fundamental mechanism of chip...Ch. 21 - What is the difference between oblique machining...Ch. 21 - What are the implications of Figure 21.13, given...Ch. 21 - Note that the units for the approximate equation...
Ch. 21 - For orthogonal machining, the cutting edge radius...Ch. 21 - How do the magnitude of the strain and strain rate...Ch. 21 - Why is titanium such a difficult metal to machine?...Ch. 21 - Explain why you get segmented or discontinuous...Ch. 21 - Why is metal cutting shear stress such an...Ch. 21 - Which of the three cutting forces in oblique...Ch. 21 - How is the energy in a machining process typically...Ch. 21 - Where does the energy consumed in metal cutting...Ch. 21 - What are two ways of estimating the primary...Ch. 21 - What are the three different ways to perform...Ch. 21 - Why does the cutting force Fc increase with...Ch. 21 - Why doesnt the cutting force Fc increase with...Ch. 21 - Prob. 23RQCh. 21 - How does the selection of the machining parameters...Ch. 21 - Suppose you had a machining operation (boring)...Ch. 21 - Make a sketch like that shown in Figure 21.1 with...Ch. 21 - Show how you would do near orthogonal machining in...Ch. 21 - Can you do orthogonal machining on a shaper or...Ch. 21 - What process and material combination would yield...Ch. 21 - What is meant by the statement that machining...Ch. 21 - Prob. 31RQCh. 21 - Figure 21.4 provides suggested cutting speeds and...Ch. 21 - For problem 1, suppose you selected a speed of 145...Ch. 21 - If the cutting forces is 1000 lb calculate the...Ch. 21 - Explain how you would estimate the cutting force...Ch. 21 - For a turning operation, you have selected a...Ch. 21 - For a slab milling operation using a...Ch. 21 - The power required to machine metal is related to...Ch. 21 - In order to drill a hole in the material described...Ch. 21 - Suppose you have the data in Table 21.A obtained...Ch. 21 - Calculate the horsepower that a process is going...Ch. 21 - Explain how you would estimate the cutting force...Ch. 21 - Derive equations for F and N using the circular...Ch. 21 - Prob. 14PCh. 21 - Prob. 15PCh. 21 - A manufacturing engineer needs an estimate of the...Ch. 21 - Using Figure 21.4 for input data, determine the...Ch. 21 - Estimate the horsepower needed to remove metal at...Ch. 21 - For a turning process, the horsepower required was...
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