Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 13TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: Whether the aerobic bacteria or the photosynthetic bacteria evolved first.
Concept introduction: The Earth was formed before 4.6 billion years from the sun due to the continuous bombardment of huge rocks and ice. When Earth was formed, chemical evolution began, which led to the formation of organic molecules. Photosynthesis is a vital process in primary producers such as cyanobacteria and plants. Plants use the light energy and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and produce sugars (which are stored in various parts of the plants) and release oxygen.
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Cyanobacteria was responsible for the increase in oxygen levels billions of years ago. They play a decisive role in changing the earth’s environment.
Explain how are Cyanobacteria related in changing the early earth’s environment which later suitable for the development of other organisms.
According to the endosymbiotic theory, which of
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Eukaryotes and prokaryotes appeared at
about the same time and evolved
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O None of the other four answers (all are true
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Eukaryotes evolved from symbiotic
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Mitochondria and chloroplasts are in some
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Using the analogy of a one-hour countdown timer, when did prokaryotes originate? When did the colonization of land occur?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 21.1 - Describe the conditions that scientists think...Ch. 21.1 - Compare the prebiotic soup hypothesis with the...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 21.1 - How does the ironsulfur world hypothesis differ...Ch. 21.2 - Outline the major steps hypothesized to have...Ch. 21.2 - Explain how the evolution of photosynthetic...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 21.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 21.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 21.2 - VISUALIZE Draw a simple sketch illustrating the...
Ch. 21.3 - Briefly describe the distinguishing organisms and...Ch. 21.3 - What is the correct order of appearance in the...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 21.3 - What is the correct order of appearance in the...Ch. 21 - Energy, the absence of molecular oxygen, chemical...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 21 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 21 - According to the hypothesis of serial...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 21 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 21 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 21 - The time of greatest evolutionary diversification...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 21 - The Age of Reptiles corresponds to the (a)...Ch. 21 - Evidence exists that a catastrophic collision...Ch. 21 - Flowering plants and mammals diversified and...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 21 - EVOLUTION LINK If you were studying how...Ch. 21 - EVOLUTION LINK If living cells were produced in a...Ch. 21 - EVOLUTION LINK Why did the evolution of...Ch. 21 - INTERPRET DATA Evidence for the oldest...
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- Choose one prokaryote (bacteria or archaea) AND one protest. You can choose a species or more general taxonomic group of interest. Then address the following questions for each. 1. What does the organism look like? Describe or include an image. 2. How does it obtain energy? 3. How does it reproduce? 4. What are its close relatives in the tree of life? 5. Why is it important from a human perspective?arrow_forwardBacteria evolved independently of archaea and eukaryotes, suggesting that ______________and_______________ are more closely relatedarrow_forwardtrue or false Cyanobacteria evolved 800,000 years BP (before present)arrow_forward
- Why were Archaea originally thought to be simply unusual forms of Bacteria? What lines of evidence showed this domain to form a distinct branch on the tree of life?arrow_forwardDoes the following phylogenetic tree provide evidence to support or refute the endosymbiosis hypothesis? Briefly explain your choice (1-2 sentences) Bacteria a-Proteobacteria Mitochondria Archaea Eukarya Excavata Discicristata Alveolata Stramenopila Rhizaria Plantae Opisthokonta Amoebozoaarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are TRUE about organisms in the Domain Bacteria? I. Consist of bacteria and cyanobacteria II. Some are photoautotrophs III. Genetic material is a single stranded DNA IV. Organelles are not presentarrow_forward
- Which of the following pieces of evidence could support the endosymbiotic theory if found to be true? Traces of peptidoglycan in the cytoplasm in eukaryotes Presence of rRNA in eukaryotes Presence of 80S ribosomes in eukaryotes The discovery of a unicellular eukaryotearrow_forwardWhich of the following occurred first in the history of life on earth? Colonization of land Evolution of photosynthesis Origin of unicellular eukaryotes Origin of multicellular eukaryotes Origin of prokaryotesarrow_forwardexplain the reasons alsoarrow_forward
- Archaea are often found living in extreme conditions of heat, salt, and acidity, which are similar to those found in early earth. Speculate on the origin of life, especially as it relates to the archaea.arrow_forwardAccording to Lynn Margulis's theory of endosymbiosis, bacteria entered large cells either as parasites or as undigested prey as illustrated. All the following are proof that mitochondria and chloroplast evolved from bacteria, except: Endosymbiosis in a nutshell: 1. Start with two 2. One bacterium engulfs the other. 3. One bacterium now lives inside the other. independent bacteria. 4. Both bacteria benefit from the arrangement. 5. The internal bacteria are passed on from generation to generation. O a they each have a double membrane they have chromosomes similar in shape to their host they are the size of bacteria their DNA is different from its hostarrow_forwardHow does the emergence of endosymbiotic theory change the way humans view microorganisms? Will people be comfortable imagining that the life functions of plants and animals, including their own, are actually dependent on the coexistence of many different microscopic pieces? This question is not answered yetarrow_forward
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