Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 11TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Gene is the basic functional unit of heredity. A gene is a sequence of
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The challenge in using sequence data to estimate the evolutionary tree for all living things is to find a gene that shows recognizable sequence similarities even between highly distantly related species . Which of the following should NOT be among the features of this gene?
A. The gene subject to strong diversifying selection.
B. It is present in all organisms.
C. It encodes a product whose function is essential.
D. The function of the gene must have remained the same in all organisms.
Segmental duplications play an important role in evolution by
a. giving rise to new genes and multigene families.
b. keeping the number of genes in a genome constant.
c. eliminating repetitive sequences produced by transposition.
d. controlling the base content of the genome.
Some embryos share many similarities and are difficult to tell apart, while others are slightly easier. What can you conclude about the similarities and differences between the embryos of different species?
Select one:
a. The more closely related species show differences from the earlier stages.
b. The more closely related species share similarities until the later stages.
c. The more distantly related species share similarities until the later stages.
d. The more distantly related species show differences in only the later stages.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 21 - In what ways would third-generation sequencing be...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2IQCh. 21 - Refer to the organisms listed in Table 21.1 in...Ch. 21 - Explain why retrotransposons always move by the...Ch. 21 - For each of the following types of DNA sequences...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6IQCh. 21 - Prob. 7IQCh. 21 - If all Hox genes contain the same or very similar...Ch. 21 - About 25% of the human genome relates to the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2SYK
Ch. 21 - Which of the following has decreased the time and...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 21 - In the process called gene annotation, computer...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 21 - What is a pseudogene? a. a gene that has been...Ch. 21 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 21 - Which of the following is common to both...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 21 - Compared to genes in mice and chimpanzees, most...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A. Which two alien species are likely to be the most related? Why? B. Which two alien species are likely the least related? Why? C. In this cladogram, how many times have lineages diverged? D. On your cladogram, circle the most recent common ancestor of the pingests and persnippys.arrow_forwardWhich of the following most likely demonstrates that classification is the basis of evolutionary relatedness? A. Organisms that share similar characteristics are impliedly understood to have common ancestors, thus having an evolutionary relationship. B. Classification is to organize organisms into groups based on their differences and similarities and evolutionary history, so as evolution changes, classification will also change C. Classification based on evolutionary relatedness always infer that all organisms that evolved similarly shares the same history. D. Homologous structures among organisms depicts the same evolutionary history or paths.arrow_forwardDescribe mutations that do not affect protein structure or function and provide details of how such mutations may play a role in evolutionary change and speciation. Give a specific example (including both the phenotypes and mutation)arrow_forward
- Provide details of a mechanism that can result in the creation of new genes, with novel functions, that may contribute to the evolution of new species. Give a specific example.arrow_forwardwhich statement is false? 1)In the context of the evolution of senescence, the aphorism "live fast and die young" means that organisms with a more risky behavior will have a shorter life span. 2)Allopatric speciation is a type of speciation process that takes place in different geographic locations.arrow_forwardEvolutionary theory predicts that species are related, not independent. Four of the following examples provide support for this prediction, but one is irrelevant. Which of examples listed below does not support the claim that species are related? A. Many dinosaurs and other organisms went extinct following a huge asteroid impact at the end of the Cretaceous. B. Before synthetic insulin was available, diabetics used injections of purified pig insulin to manage their disease. C. The endostyle of lancelets (invertebrate chordates) and the thyroid gland of vertebrates develop similarly, and both produce iodinated proteins. D. All prokaryotes and eukaryotes use DNA to carry their genetic information. E. Ground squirrel species found on the North and South sides of the Grand Canyon are very similar to each other.arrow_forward
- a. draw a diagonal tree b. Which organism is an outgroup? c. Which organisms are sister taxa or share a common ancestor?arrow_forward9999 333 wikimedia commons Some embryos share many similarities and are difficult to tell apart, while others are slightly easier. What can you conclude about the similarities and differences between the embryos of different species? Select one: a. The more closely related species show differences from the earlier stages. b. The more distantly related species share similarities until the later stages. c. The more closely related species share similarities until the later stages. d. The more distantly related species show differences in only the later stages.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE about a phylogenetic tree? It provides a drawing the reflects the proven relationships between living and extinct species. b It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between extinct species. c It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between living and extinct species. d It a diagram used by scientists that provides a model of evolutionary relationships without the need for scientific data.arrow_forward
- Species A and B have long wings, whereas species C has short wings. Which of the following pieces of evidence would best support the hypothesis that long wings are a synapomorphy? A. DNA evidence showing that species B and C are sister species B. Fossil evidence showing that the common ancestor of species A, B, and C had short wings C. DNA evidence showing that species A and C are sister species D. Fossil evidence showing that the common ancestor of species A, B, and C had long wings E. Evidence showing that species A and B live in an environment that favors long wings, whereas species C lives in an environment that favors short wingsarrow_forwardShown above are three possible phylogenetic trees for species I, II and III reconstructed based on the 4-nucleotide DNA sequences given in the righthand table. In every tree, each hatchmark on a branch represents a single base-change event. The most parsimonious tree would be - A. Both X and Y. B. X. C. Y. D. Both Y and Z. E. Z.arrow_forwardScientists conducted research to examine the evolutionary relationship between 10 bird species and an alligator species. They isolated the amounts of the dinucleotides cytosine and guanine found in the genomic DNA of each species. The graph shows the traditional taxonomic groups of the bird species used and the average percentage of dinucleotides in their DNA. Which of the following statements is best supported by the DNA evidence? A - Gamebirds likely evolved after non-perching birds. B - A bird’s ability to fly may be linked to its dinucleotide percentage. C - The dinucleotide percentages demonstrate coevolution of all species. D - Non-perching birds are more similar genetically to alligators than flightless birds.arrow_forward
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