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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
To calculate enthalpy change
Concept introduction:
The change of enthalpy to form one mole of a substance from its constituent elements when all the substances in the standard form is known as standard enthalpy of formation.
The standard enthalpy of reaction
The change of Gibbs free energy to form one mole of a substance from its constituent elements when all the substances in the standard form is known as standard Gibbs free energy of formation
If the value of standard Gibbs free energy of reaction
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- How many grams of gaseous ammonia will the reaction of 3.0 g hydrogen gas and 3.0 g of nitrogen gas produce?arrow_forwardAlumina, Al2O3, is amphoteric. Among examples of its amphoteric character are the reactions that occur when Al2O3 is heated strongly or fused with acidic oxides and basic oxides. (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction of alumina with silica, an acidic oxide, to give aluminum metasilicate, Al2(SiO3)3. (b) Write a balanced equation for the reaction of alumina with the basic oxide CaO to give calcium aluminate, Ca(AlO2)2.arrow_forward(a) Which poisonous gas is evolved when white phosphorus is heated with Cone. NaOH solution? Write the chemical equation. (b) Write the formula of first noble gas compound prepared by N. Bartlett. What inspired N. Bartlett to prepare this compound? (c) Fluorine is a stronger oxidising agent than chlorine. Why? (d)Write one use of chlorine gas.arrow_forward
- Ammonia is an important chemical used in the production of fertilizer. Industrial production of ammonia from atmospheric nitrogen is difficult because of the energy required to cleave the N-N triple bond. Consider the balanced reaction of ammonia: N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2 NH3 (9). This reaction has a value of K = 4.3 x 10-2 at 25 °C. Part A Estimate the AH for this reaction using bond energies. Bond Bond Dissociation Energy kcal/mol (kJ/mol) N-H 93 (391) N-N 38 (160) H-H 103 (432) N = N 226 (946) Express your answer as an integer. ΜΕ ΑΣΦ ? kJ/molarrow_forwardLooking up one snowy afternoon from a book titled The Moral Case Against Turning Lead Into Gold (Or Vice Versa), your friend Lena (an expert chemist) says this: "Ammonium salts heated with aqueous hydroxides form ammonia, water, and a salt." Using Lena's statement, and what you already know about chemistry, predict the products of the following reaction. Be sure your chemical equation is balanced! NH4NO3(aq) + NaOH(aq) ->arrow_forwardHow many kj of heat are needed to produce 6.47 g NH 3 ? 4NO+6H 2 O 4NH 3 +5O 2; triangle H=906 kJarrow_forward
- What mass of sodium hydroxide ,NaOH, would be required to produce 5.97 g of the antacid milk of magnesia,Mg(OH)2,by the reaction of MgCl2with NaOHarrow_forwardA nonmetal like oxygen forms both ionic and covalent bonds, depending on the identity of the element to which it bonds. What type of bonding is observed in CaO and CO 2? Explain why two different types of bonding are observed.arrow_forwardWhich of the following reactions would be an example of nitrogen fixation? Multiple Choice O 2 NO(g) + O₂(g) → 2 NO₂(g) 2 NO(g) → N₂(g) + O2(g) 2 NH3(g) → N2(g) + 3 H₂(g) N2(g) + O2(g) → 2 NO(g)arrow_forward
- Write the balanced chemical equation for conversion of Al(s) to KAl(SO4)2·12H2O(s) in aqueous solution.arrow_forwardGive an example of Interhalogen Compounds?arrow_forwardTestosterone is an anabolic steroid. The structure of testosterone is shown below. What is the idealised bond angle at the indicated atom (ii) ? Hint: atom (iv) has been completed for you as an example. (iv) bond angle: 109.5°, geometry of the electron pairs: tetrahedral, shape of the bonds: tetrahedral ·····|||I H ····||||I ii ivarrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStax
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