Chapter 20, Problem 53QAP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The question asks how the relative locations of the substituents are identified when a benzene ring has several substituents.

Concept Introduction:

• The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry-IUPAC has developed a method for systematically naming organic compounds.
• The name given to a compound according to the IUPAC nomenclature consists of several parts.
• The suffix that is used to indicate the main functional group of the structure.
• Name of the chain that is used to identify the main carbon chain of the compound.
• The prefixes that are used to indicate the substituent groups.
• The numbers that are used to indicate the places at which the substituent groups, additional groups and the main functional groups are attached to the chain.

Table 1: The series of functional groups arranged in the decreasing order of the priority

Number of carbon atoms	Root name	Name of the corresponding Hydrocarbon
1	meth	Methane
2	eth	Ethane
3	prop	Propane
4	but	Butane
5	pent	Pentane
6	hex	Hexane

Table 2: The root names used for the compounds according to the number of carbon atoms and the names of the corresponding hydrocarbons.