Anatomy & Physiology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321861580
Author: Marieb, Elaine N.
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Chapter 20, Problem 29RQ
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The biological term “Hypersensitivity” and the three types of hypersensitivity with example.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 20 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 20 - What distinguishes the innate defense system from...Ch. 20 - What is the first line of defense against disease?Ch. 20 - What is opsonization and how does it help...Ch. 20 - Under what circumstances might NK cells kill our...Ch. 20 - What are the cardinal signs of inflammation and...Ch. 20 - Name three key characteristics of adaptive...Ch. 20 - What is the difference between a complete antigen...Ch. 20 - What marks a cell as self as opposed to nonselfCh. 20 - What event (or observation) signals that a B or T...Ch. 20 - Which of the following T cells would survive...
Ch. 20 - Prob. 11CYUCh. 20 - In clonal selection, who does the selecting? What...Ch. 20 - Why is the secondary response to an antigen so...Ch. 20 - Prob. 14CYUCh. 20 - Which class of antibody is most abundant in blood?...Ch. 20 - List four ways in which antibodies can bring about...Ch. 20 - Class II MHC proteins display what kind of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 18CYUCh. 20 - Which type of T cell is the most important in both...Ch. 20 - Describe the killing mechanism of cytotoxic T...Ch. 20 - Prob. 21CYUCh. 20 - Prob. 22CYUCh. 20 - Prob. 23CYUCh. 20 - All of the following are considered innate body...Ch. 20 - The process by which neutrophils squeeze through...Ch. 20 - Antibodies released by plasma cells are involved...Ch. 20 - Which of the following antibodies can fix...Ch. 20 - Which antibody class is abundant in body...Ch. 20 - Small molecules that must combine with large...Ch. 20 - Lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in the...Ch. 20 - Cells that can directly attack target cells...Ch. 20 - Prob. 9RQCh. 20 - The cell type most often invaded by HIV is a(n)...Ch. 20 - Complement fixation promotes all of the following...Ch. 20 - Using the letters from column B, match the cell...Ch. 20 - Besides acting as mechanical barriers, the skin...Ch. 20 - Explain why attempts at phagocytosis are not...Ch. 20 - What is complement? How does it cause bacterial...Ch. 20 - Interferons are referred to as antiviral proteins....Ch. 20 - Differentiate between humoral and cellular...Ch. 20 - Although the adaptive immune system has two arms,...Ch. 20 - Define immunocompetence and self-tolerance. How is...Ch. 20 - Differentiate between a primary and a secondary...Ch. 20 - Prob. 21RQCh. 20 - What is the role of the variable regions of an...Ch. 20 - Name the five antibody classes and describe where...Ch. 20 - How do antibodies help defend the body?Ch. 20 - Do vaccines produce active or passive humoral...Ch. 20 - Prob. 26RQCh. 20 - Describe the specific roles of helper, regulatory,...Ch. 20 - Prob. 28RQCh. 20 - Prob. 29RQCh. 20 - What events can result in autoimmune disease?Ch. 20 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 20 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 20 - Prob. 3CCSCh. 20 - Prob. 4CCSCh. 20 - Prob. 5CCS
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