Chapter 2, Problem 38P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The iodide ion should be characterized as being either nucleophilic or electrophilic.

Concept introduction: The fundamental electrostatics suggests that electrons have more affinity for electron-deficient sites in an organic compound. or positive charge. The curved arrow is appropriate mechanism to depict electron movement that occurs from electron rich species to electron deficient species.

The nucleophile is species with unshared lone pair or negative charge that makes it to seek out positive center with a reaction. Likewise, electrophile seeks for electron rich center as it is positively charged center of substrate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The hydrogen ion should be characterized as being either nucleophilic or electrophilic.

Concept introduction: The fundamental electrostatics suggests that electrons have more affinity for electron-deficient sites in an organic compound. or positive charge. The curved arrow is appropriate mechanism to depict electron movement that occurs from electron rich species to electron deficient species.

The nucleophile is species with unshared lone pair or negative charge that makes it to seek out positive center with a reaction. Likewise, electrophile seeks for electron rich center as it is positively charged center of substrate.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The carbon in methyl cation should be characterized as being either nucleophilic or electrophilic.

Concept introduction: The fundamental electrostatics suggests that electrons have more affinity for electron-deficient sites in an organic compound. or positive charge. The curved arrow is appropriate mechanism to depict electron movement that occurs from electron rich species to electron deficient species.

The nucleophile is species with unshared lone pair or negative charge that makes it to seek out positive center with a reaction. Likewise, electrophile seeks for electron rich center as it is positively charged center of substrate.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The sulfur in hydrogen sulfide should be characterized as being either nucleophilic or electrophilic.

Concept introduction: The fundamental electrostatics suggests that electrons have more affinity for electron-deficient sites in an organic compound. or positive charge. The curved arrow is appropriate mechanism to depict electron movement that occurs from electron rich species to electron deficient species.

The nucleophile is species with unshared lone pair or negative charge that makes it to seek out positive center with a reaction. Likewise, electrophile seeks for electron rich center as it is positively charged center of substrate.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Aluminum in aluminum trichloride should be characterized as being either nucleophilic or electrophilic.

Concept introduction: The fundamental electrostatics suggests that electrons have more affinity for electron-deficient sites in an organic compound. or positive charge. The curved arrow is appropriate mechanism to depict electron movement that occurs from electron rich species to electron deficient species.

The nucleophile is species with unshared lone pair or negative charge that makes it to seek out positive center with a reaction. Likewise, electrophile seeks for electron rich center as it is positively charged center of substrate.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Magnesium in magnesium oxide should be characterized as being either nucleophilic or electrophilic.

Concept introduction: The fundamental electrostatics suggests that electrons have more affinity for electron-deficient sites in an organic compound. or positive charge. The curved arrow is appropriate mechanism to depict electron movement that occurs from electron rich species to electron deficient species.

The nucleophile is species with unshared lone pair or negative charge that makes it to seek out positive center with a reaction. Likewise, electrophile seeks for electron rich center as it is positively charged center of substrate.