Chapter 2, Problem 36P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Whether ${\text{CN}}^{-}$ behaves as Lewis acid or base along with equation that describes the movement of electrons through curved arrows should be written.

Concept introduction: A Lewis acid plays the role of an electron-pair acceptor, from another electron-rich species. This occurs because the central atom has mostly sextet of electrons, so it tends to complete it octet and attain stability. A Lewis base donates electrons to another electron-deficient species.

For instance, Lewis acids have electron deficient central atom ${\text{BF}}_3$ , ${\text{MgX}}_2$ , halides of transition metal. Lewis bases include alcohols, thiols amines phosphine and halides ion. These have surplus electrons that can be donated.

The objective of electron transfer from Lewis bases to acid is formation of new covalent bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Whether ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{OH}$ behaves as Lewis acid or base along with equation that describes the movement of electrons through curved arrows should be written.

Concept introduction: A Lewis acid plays the role of an electron-pair acceptor, from another electron-rich species. This occurs because the central atom has mostly sextet of electrons, so it tends to complete it octet and attain stability. A Lewis base donates electrons to another electron-deficient species.

For instance, Lewis acids have electron deficient central atom ${\text{BF}}_3$ , ${\text{MgX}}_2$ , halides of transition metal. Lewis bases include alcohols, thiols amines phosphine and halides ion. These have surplus electrons that can be donated.

The objective of electron transfer from Lewis bases to acid is formation of new covalent bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Whether ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_2{\text{CH}}^{+}$ behaves as Lewis acid or base along with equation that describes the movement of electrons through curved arrows should be written.

Concept introduction: A Lewis acid plays the role of an electron-pair acceptor, from another electron-rich species. This occurs because the central atom has mostly sextet of electrons, so it tends to complete it octet and attain stability. A Lewis base donates electrons to another electron-deficient species.

For instance, Lewis acids have electron deficient central atom ${\text{BF}}_3$ , ${\text{MgX}}_2$ , halides of transition metal. Lewis bases include alcohols, thiols amines phosphine and halides ion. These have surplus electrons that can be donated.

The objective of electron transfer from Lewis bases to acid is formation of new covalent bond.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Whether ${\text{MgBr}}_{\text{2}}$ behaves as Lewis acid or base along with equation that describes the movement of electrons through curved arrows should be written.

Concept introduction: A Lewis acid plays the role of an electron-pair acceptor, from another electron-rich species. This occurs because the central atom has mostly sextet of electrons, so it tends to complete it octet and attain stability. A Lewis base donates electrons to another electron-deficient species.

For instance, Lewis acids have electron deficient central atom ${\text{BF}}_3$ , ${\text{MgX}}_2$ , halides of transition metal. Lewis bases include alcohols, thiols amines phosphine and halides ion. These have surplus electrons that can be donated.

The objective of electron transfer from Lewis bases to acid is formation of new covalent bond.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Whether ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{BH}}_{\text{2}}$ behaves as Lewis acid or base along with equation that describes the movement of electrons through curved arrows should be written.

Concept introduction: A Lewis acid plays the role of an electron-pair acceptor, from another electron-rich species. This occurs because the central atom has mostly sextet of electrons, so it tends to complete it octet and attain stability. A Lewis base donates electrons to another electron-deficient species.

For instance, Lewis acids have electron deficient central atom ${\text{BF}}_3$ , ${\text{MgX}}_2$ , halides of transition metal. Lewis bases include alcohols, thiols amines phosphine and halides ion. These have surplus electrons that can be donated.

The objective of electron transfer from Lewis bases to acid is formation of new covalent bond.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Whether ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{S}}^{-}$ behaves as Lewis acid or base along with equation that describes the movement of electrons through curved arrows should be written.

Concept introduction: A Lewis acid plays the role of an electron-pair acceptor, from another electron-rich species. This occurs because the central atom has mostly sextet of electrons, so it tends to complete it octet and attain stability. A Lewis base donates electrons to another electron-deficient species.

For instance, Lewis acids have electron deficient central atom ${\text{BF}}_3$ , ${\text{MgX}}_2$ , halides of transition metal. Lewis bases include alcohols, thiols amines phosphine and halides ion. These have surplus electrons that can be donated.

The objective of electron transfer from Lewis bases to acid is formation of new covalent bond.