Chapter 2, Problem 2.40P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

An alkaline earth metal present in period 3 needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 periods and 18 groups. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Elements of group $\text{2A}$ are also known as alkaline earth metals. General electronic configuration of alkaline earth metals is ${\text{ns}}^{\text{2}}$ . This group contains six elements.

Elements present in this group are Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Radium.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A noble gas present in group 6 needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 periods and 18 groups. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Noble gases are the gases that belong to group 18 and in their ground state they have completely filled orbitals.

Elements of noble gas group are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Main group element present in period 3 having half-filled p-orbitals needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 periods and 18 groups. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Main group elements are also known as p-block elements and these lie in group $\text{3A}$ to $\text{8A}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

A transition metal present in period 4 and group 11 needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 rows and 18 columns. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Transition metals are the metals that have incompletely filled d-orbitals. General electronic configuration of transition elements is ${\text{(n-1)d}}^{\text{1-10}}{\text{ns}}^{\text{1-2}}$ . These elements are also known as d-block elements.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

An inner transition metal with completely filled 5f orbitals needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 periods and 18 groups. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Elements that belong to lanthanide and actinide series are known as inner transition metals. Elements with atomic number 57 to 71 are all lanthanides whereas elements with atomic number 89 to 103 are all actinides.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

A transition metal in period 6 and 10 group needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 rows and 18 columns. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Transition metals are the metals that have incompletely filled d-orbitals. General electronic configuration of transition elements is ${\text{(n-1)d}}^{\text{1-10}}{\text{ns}}^{\text{1-2}}$ . These elements are also known as d-block elements.