Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.10P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the oxygen is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

(a)

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Oxygen is an element.

Explanation of Solution

It contains similar atoms. So, from the definition; the substance having a similar atom is called an element. Therefore, oxygen is an element.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether table salt is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

(b)

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Table salt is a mixture.

Explanation of Solution

The table salt is 99% sodium chloride, but it has trace elements of other salts present in it. Thus, it is not a compound but it is a mixture.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the seawater is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

(c)

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Sea water is a mixture.

Explanation of Solution

In sea water, different amount of salt and water is present. The salt can be separated by without any chemical process. So, it is a mixture.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether wine is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

d.

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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Wine is a mixture.

Explanation of Solution

In wine, different amount of ethyl alcohol and water is present. So, it is a mixture.

e.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether air is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

e.

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Air is a mixture.

Explanation of Solution

In air different amount of different gasses are present like oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. So, it is a mixture.

f.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether silver is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

f.

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Silver is an element.

Explanation of Solution

In silver only, identical atoms of silver are present. So, it is an element.

g.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether diamond is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

g.

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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Diamond is a compound.

Explanation of Solution

It is one of the allotropes of carbon. It is made up carbon atoms. So, it is a compound.

h.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether a pebble is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

h.

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Answer to Problem 2.10P

A pebble is a mixture.

Explanation of Solution

It is composed of fragments of rocks, which are made up of sand, dirt, and various particles in any proportion. A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances in any mass ratio. So, it is a mixture.

i.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether gasoline is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

i.

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Gasoline is a mixture.

Explanation of Solution

It is made up of flammable liquid hydrocarbons derived from crude petroleum. A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances in any mass ratio. Thus, it is a mixture.

J

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether milk is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

J

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Milk is a mixture

Explanation of Solution

It contains water, fats, and proteins in indefinite proportions. A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances in any mass ratio. So, milk is a mixture.

k.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether carbon dioxide is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

k.

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Carbon dioxide is a compound.

Explanation of Solution

It is made up of carbon and oxygen in a ratio of 1:2. A compound is a pure substance made up of two or more elements in a fixed ratio by mass. So, it is a compound.

l.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether bronze is classified as an element, a compound or a mixture should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The substance having a similar atom is called an element. When two or more elements combined together chemically they form a pure substance called a compound. But in the case of a mixture, it is formed when two substances joined together without any chemical bonding. An example of a compound is H2O, and an example of an element is N, an example of a mixture is a mixture of sand and sugar.

l.

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 2.10P

Bronze is a mixture.

Explanation of Solution

It is an alloy of copper and tin. An alloy is a substance made by melting two or more metals together to enhance the strength. A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances in any mass ratio. So, it is a mixture.

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Classify each of the following as an element, a compound, or a mixture:  (a) Oxygen (b) Table salt (c) Sea water (d) Wine (e) Air (f) Silver (g) Diamond (h) A pebble (i) Gasoline (j) Milk (k) Carbon dioxide (l) Bronze
(1. On the second floor of Kent Laboratory a chemistry student in 111B finds that 15.20 g of nitrogen will react with 17.37 g, 34.74 g, or 43.43 g of oxygen to form three different compounds: (a) Calculate the ratio of the mass of oxygen to the mass of nitrogen for each compound and (b) Explain briefly how the numbers in part (a) support the atomic theory.
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Chapter 2 Solutions

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.11PCh. 2 - 2-12 The elements game, Part 1. Name and give the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.13PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.14PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.15PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.16PCh. 2 - 2-17 How does Dalton’s atomic theory explain: (a)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.18PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.19PCh. 2 - 2-20 Calculate the percentage of hydrogen and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.21PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.22PCh. 2 - 2-23 It has been said, “The number of protons...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.24PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.25PCh. 2 - 2-26 Given these mass numbers and number of...Ch. 2 - 2-27 If each atom in Problem 2-26 acquired two...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.28PCh. 2 - 2-29 How many protons and how many neutrons does...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.30PCh. 2 - 2-31 Tin-118 is one of the isotopes of tin. Name...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.32PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.33PCh. 2 - 2-34 There are only two naturally occurring...Ch. 2 - 2-35 The two most abundant naturally occurring...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.36PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.37PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.38PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.39PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.40PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.41PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.42PCh. 2 - 2-43 Which group(s) of the Periodic Table...Ch. 2 - 2-44 Which period(s) in the Periodic Table...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.45PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.46PCh. 2 - 2-47 Which element in each pair is more metallic?...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.48PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.49PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.50PCh. 2 - 2-51 What is the correlation between the group...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.52PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.53PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.54PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.55PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.56PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.57PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.58PCh. 2 - 2-59 You are presented with a Lewis dot structure...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.60PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.61PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.62PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.63PCh. 2 - 2-64 Consider the elements B, C, and N. Using only...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.65PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.66PCh. 2 - 2-67 Account for the fact that the first...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.68PCh. 2 - 2-69 (Chemical Connections 2A) Why does the body...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.70PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.71PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.72PCh. 2 - 2-73 (Chemical Connections 2D) Copper is a soft...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.74PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.75PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.76PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.77PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.78PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.79PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.80PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.81PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.82PCh. 2 - 2-83 The natural abundance of boron isotopes is as...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.84PCh. 2 - 2-85 The mass of a proton is 1.67 × 10-24g. The...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.86PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.87PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.88PCh. 2 - 2-89 Assume that a new element has been discovered...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.90PCh. 2 - 2-91 These are the first two ionization energy for...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.92PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.93PCh. 2 - 2-94 Using your knowledge of trends in element...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.95PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.96PCh. 2 - 2-97 Explain why the Ca3+ ion is not found in...Ch. 2 - 2-98 Explain how the ionization energy of atoms...Ch. 2 - 2-99 A 7.12 g sample of magnesium is heated with...Ch. 2 - 2-100 A 0.100 g sample of magnesium, when combined...Ch. 2 - 2-101 Complete the following table: Symbol Atomic...Ch. 2 - 2-102 An element consists of 90.51% of an isotope...Ch. 2 - 2-103 The element silver has two naturally...Ch. 2 - 2-104 The average atomic weight of lithium is...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.105PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.106P
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