Chapter 19.3, Problem 5RQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The initiating fusion is more difficult than the initiating fission, needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Fusion involves the formation of a single stable nucleus while fission involves the breakdown of an unstable heavy nucleus.

Answer to Problem 5RQ

In a nuclear fusion reaction, more energy is produced during the initiating fusion because fusion reactions are carried out only at high pressure and temperature, such as in the sun, due to the like charges of both the nuclei (undergoing fusion). On the other hand, fission reactions are easily initiated as compared to fusion.

Explanation of Solution

The Nuclear fusion reaction is that reaction which is carried out at a higher temperature and pressure, such as ${\text{10}}^{\text{7}}\text{K}$ temperature, which is not possible on earth but the nuclear fission reactions are carried out at ordinary ignition temperature. Hence, nuclear fusion reactions are more difficult to initiate as compared to fission reactions.

Conclusion

Due to the presence of higher temperature, initiating fusion is more difficult than initiating fission.