a) Interpretation: The name of the ketone shown is to be given. Concept introduction: Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo. To give: The name of the ketone shown.

Question

Shown below is the mechanism presented for the formation of biasplatin in reference 1 from the Background and Experiment document. The amounts used of each reactant are shown. Either draw or describe a better alternative to this mechanism. (Note that the first step represents two steps combined and the proton loss is not even shown; fixing these is not the desired improvement.) (Hints: The first step is correct, the second step is not; and the amount of the anhydride is in large excess to serve a purpose.)

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 19.1, Problem 1P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The name of the diketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the diketone shown.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the -CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

e)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

f)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. For alicyclic ketones the number of carbons in the ring determines the parent name. The numbering starts from the carbonyl carbon and the numbering is done such a way that other functional groups and/or substituents get the lowest possible number.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

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Shown below is the mechanism presented for the formation of biasplatin in reference 1 from the Background and Experiment document. The amounts used of each reactant are shown. Either draw or describe a better alternative to this mechanism. (Note that the first step represents two steps combined and the proton loss is not even shown; fixing these is not the desired improvement.) (Hints: The first step is correct, the second step is not; and the amount of the anhydride is in large excess to serve a purpose.)

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Draw a reasonable mechanism for the following reaction:

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 19.1, Problem 1P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The name of the diketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the diketone shown.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the -CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

e)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

f)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. For alicyclic ketones the number of carbons in the ring determines the parent name. The numbering starts from the carbonyl carbon and the numbering is done such a way that other functional groups and/or substituents get the lowest possible number.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 19.1, Problem 1P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The name of the diketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the diketone shown.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the -CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

e)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

f)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. For alicyclic ketones the number of carbons in the ring determines the parent name. The numbering starts from the carbonyl carbon and the numbering is done such a way that other functional groups and/or substituents get the lowest possible number.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 19.1, Problem 1P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The name of the diketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the diketone shown.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the -CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

e)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

f)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. For alicyclic ketones the number of carbons in the ring determines the parent name. The numbering starts from the carbonyl carbon and the numbering is done such a way that other functional groups and/or substituents get the lowest possible number.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

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Answer 5

Chapter 19.1, Problem 1P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The name of the diketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the diketone shown.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the -CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

e)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Interpretation Introduction

f)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. For alicyclic ketones the number of carbons in the ring determines the parent name. The numbering starts from the carbonyl carbon and the numbering is done such a way that other functional groups and/or substituents get the lowest possible number.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

Answer 6

Chapter 19.1, Problem 1P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

Answer 7

Chapter 19.1, Problem 1P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The name of the diketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the diketone shown.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The name of the diketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the ketone group and the numbering begins at the end nearer to the carbonyl carbon. If other functional groups are present the double bonded oxygen is considered as a substituent on the parent chain with the prefix –oxo.

To give:

The name of the diketone shown.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the -CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the -CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

e)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

e)

Interpretation:

The name of the aldehyde shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –al. The parent chain is the longest one that includes the –CHO group and the –CHO group is numbered as carbon 1. For cyclic aldehydes in which the –CHO group is directly attached to the ring, the suffix –carbaldehyde is used.

To give:

The name of the aldehyde shown.

Answer 16

Interpretation Introduction

f)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. For alicyclic ketones the number of carbons in the ring determines the parent name. The numbering starts from the carbonyl carbon and the numbering is done such a way that other functional groups and/or substituents get the lowest possible number.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

Answer 17

Interpretation Introduction

f)

Interpretation:

The name of the ketone shown is to be given.

Concept introduction:

Ketones are named by replacing the terminal –e of the parent alkane with –one. For alicyclic ketones the number of carbons in the ring determines the parent name. The numbering starts from the carbonyl carbon and the numbering is done such a way that other functional groups and/or substituents get the lowest possible number.

To give:

The name of the ketone shown.

Answer 18

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Answer 19

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Answer 23

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Answer 24

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Answer 29

Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 19.1 - Draw structures corresponding to the following...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 19.2 - How would you carry out the following reactions?...Ch. 19.4 - Treatment of an aldehyde or ketone with cyanide...Ch. 19.4 - p-Nitrobenzaldehyde is more reactive toward...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 7P Ch. 19.5 - The oxygen in water is primarily (99.8) 16O, but...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 9P Ch. 19.8 - Show the products you would obtain by...

Solution Summary: The author explains that the name of the ketone shown is 2-methylpentan-3-one.

Chapter 19 Solutions