a) Interpretation: Starting from 1-pentanol how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown. Concept introduction: Primary alcohols are oxidized to carboxylic acids by strong oxidizing agents like CrO 3 and KMnO 4 etc. The oxidation can be stopped in the aldehyde stage by treating with Dess-Martine periodinate in methylene chloride. To show: How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentanol.

Question

Consider the solubility products (Ksp values) for the following compounds:SrSO4 (Ksp = 7.6 x 10−7), BaSO4 (Ksp = 1.5 x 10−9), SrCO3 (Ksp = 7.0 x 10−10), BaCO3 (Ksp = 1.6 x 10−9)Which anion is the harder base, CO32− or SO42−? Justify your answer.

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 19.2, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentanol how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Primary alcohols are oxidized to carboxylic acids by strong oxidizing agents like CrO₃ and KMnO₄ etc. The oxidation can be stopped in the aldehyde stage by treating with Dess-Martine periodinate in methylene chloride.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentanol.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-hexene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

When treated with ozone, alkenes form ozonides which when reduced with Zn and acetic acid gets cleaved to yield different carbonyl compounds.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-hexene.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Starting from methylpentanoate how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives like esters can be converted into aldehydes by reduction with diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAH) followed by acidification. The reaction is normally carried out at -78°C in toluene solution.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from methylpentanoate.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes when subjected to hydroboration-oxidation yield primary alcohols which when oxidized with Dess-Martin periodinate in dichloromethane yield aldehydes.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentene.

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Consider the solubility products (Ksp values) for the following compounds:SrSO4 (Ksp = 7.6 x 10−7), BaSO4 (Ksp = 1.5 x 10−9), SrCO3 (Ksp = 7.0 x 10−10), BaCO3 (Ksp = 1.6 x 10−9)Which anion is the harder base, CO32− or SO42−? Justify your answer.

Q1: a) Arrange the compounds in order of decreasing pKa, highest first. ОН ΟΗ ῸΗ дон ОН ОН CI Br

(4 pts - 2 pts each part) A route that can be taken to prepare a hydrophobic (water-repellent) aerogel is to start with trichloromethylsilane, CH3SiCl3 as the silicon source. a. What is the chemical reaction that this undergoes to form a product with Si-OH groups? Write as complete of a chemical equation as you can. CI CI-SI-CH3 CI b. The formation of a byproduct is what drives this reaction - what is the byproduct (if you didn't already answer it in part (a)) and how/why does it form?

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 19.2, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentanol how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Primary alcohols are oxidized to carboxylic acids by strong oxidizing agents like CrO₃ and KMnO₄ etc. The oxidation can be stopped in the aldehyde stage by treating with Dess-Martine periodinate in methylene chloride.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentanol.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-hexene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

When treated with ozone, alkenes form ozonides which when reduced with Zn and acetic acid gets cleaved to yield different carbonyl compounds.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-hexene.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Starting from methylpentanoate how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives like esters can be converted into aldehydes by reduction with diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAH) followed by acidification. The reaction is normally carried out at -78°C in toluene solution.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from methylpentanoate.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes when subjected to hydroboration-oxidation yield primary alcohols which when oxidized with Dess-Martin periodinate in dichloromethane yield aldehydes.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentene.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 19.2, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentanol how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Primary alcohols are oxidized to carboxylic acids by strong oxidizing agents like CrO₃ and KMnO₄ etc. The oxidation can be stopped in the aldehyde stage by treating with Dess-Martine periodinate in methylene chloride.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentanol.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-hexene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

When treated with ozone, alkenes form ozonides which when reduced with Zn and acetic acid gets cleaved to yield different carbonyl compounds.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-hexene.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Starting from methylpentanoate how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives like esters can be converted into aldehydes by reduction with diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAH) followed by acidification. The reaction is normally carried out at -78°C in toluene solution.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from methylpentanoate.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes when subjected to hydroboration-oxidation yield primary alcohols which when oxidized with Dess-Martin periodinate in dichloromethane yield aldehydes.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentene.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 19.2, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentanol how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Primary alcohols are oxidized to carboxylic acids by strong oxidizing agents like CrO₃ and KMnO₄ etc. The oxidation can be stopped in the aldehyde stage by treating with Dess-Martine periodinate in methylene chloride.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentanol.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-hexene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

When treated with ozone, alkenes form ozonides which when reduced with Zn and acetic acid gets cleaved to yield different carbonyl compounds.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-hexene.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Starting from methylpentanoate how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives like esters can be converted into aldehydes by reduction with diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAH) followed by acidification. The reaction is normally carried out at -78°C in toluene solution.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from methylpentanoate.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes when subjected to hydroboration-oxidation yield primary alcohols which when oxidized with Dess-Martin periodinate in dichloromethane yield aldehydes.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentene.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 19.2, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentanol how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Primary alcohols are oxidized to carboxylic acids by strong oxidizing agents like CrO₃ and KMnO₄ etc. The oxidation can be stopped in the aldehyde stage by treating with Dess-Martine periodinate in methylene chloride.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentanol.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-hexene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

When treated with ozone, alkenes form ozonides which when reduced with Zn and acetic acid gets cleaved to yield different carbonyl compounds.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-hexene.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Starting from methylpentanoate how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives like esters can be converted into aldehydes by reduction with diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAH) followed by acidification. The reaction is normally carried out at -78°C in toluene solution.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from methylpentanoate.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes when subjected to hydroboration-oxidation yield primary alcohols which when oxidized with Dess-Martin periodinate in dichloromethane yield aldehydes.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentene.

Answer 6

Chapter 19.2, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentanol how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Primary alcohols are oxidized to carboxylic acids by strong oxidizing agents like CrO₃ and KMnO₄ etc. The oxidation can be stopped in the aldehyde stage by treating with Dess-Martine periodinate in methylene chloride.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentanol.

Answer 7

Chapter 19.2, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentanol how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Primary alcohols are oxidized to carboxylic acids by strong oxidizing agents like CrO₃ and KMnO₄ etc. The oxidation can be stopped in the aldehyde stage by treating with Dess-Martine periodinate in methylene chloride.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentanol.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-hexene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

When treated with ozone, alkenes form ozonides which when reduced with Zn and acetic acid gets cleaved to yield different carbonyl compounds.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-hexene.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-hexene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

When treated with ozone, alkenes form ozonides which when reduced with Zn and acetic acid gets cleaved to yield different carbonyl compounds.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-hexene.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Starting from methylpentanoate how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives like esters can be converted into aldehydes by reduction with diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAH) followed by acidification. The reaction is normally carried out at -78°C in toluene solution.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from methylpentanoate.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Starting from methylpentanoate how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid derivatives like esters can be converted into aldehydes by reduction with diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAH) followed by acidification. The reaction is normally carried out at -78°C in toluene solution.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from methylpentanoate.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes when subjected to hydroboration-oxidation yield primary alcohols which when oxidized with Dess-Martin periodinate in dichloromethane yield aldehydes.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentene.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

Starting from 1-pentene how pentanal can be prepared is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkenes when subjected to hydroboration-oxidation yield primary alcohols which when oxidized with Dess-Martin periodinate in dichloromethane yield aldehydes.

To show:

How to prepare pentanal starting from 1-pentene.

Answer 14

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 15

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Answer 19

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Answer 25

Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 19.1 - Draw structures corresponding to the following...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 19.2 - How would you carry out the following reactions?...Ch. 19.4 - Treatment of an aldehyde or ketone with cyanide...Ch. 19.4 - p-Nitrobenzaldehyde is more reactive toward...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 7P Ch. 19.5 - The oxygen in water is primarily (99.8) 16O, but...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 9P Ch. 19.8 - Show the products you would obtain by...

Solution Summary: The author explains how pentanal can be prepared from 1-pentanol by oxidizing it with Dess-Martin periodinate in methylene chloride.

Concept explainers

Chapter 19 Solutions