Human Anatomy (8th Edition) - Standalone book
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321883322
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Robert B. Tallitsch
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 14RFT
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The endocrine system operates with the help of chemical messengers, which are produced by various organs or glands. The hormones are secreted directly into the bloodstream to maintain equilibrium of the body. The major endocrine glands of the body are thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, pituitary, pineal, hypothalamus, testes, ovaries, and parathyroid glands.
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(a) Describe the body location of each of the following endocrine organs: anterior pituitary, pineal gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, and adrenal glands. (b) List the hormones produced by each organ.
1) Gross Anatomy and Basic Function of the Endocrine Glands
a)Both the endocrine and nervous systems are major regulating systems of the body; however, the nervous system has been compared to a text message, and the endocrine system to mailing a letter. Briefly explain this comparison.
b) Chemically, hormones belong chiefly to two molecular groups, the___ and the___
c) If hormones travel in the bloodstream, why don't all tissues respond to all hormones?
Endocrine downregulation ...
a) ... occurs in target cells that respond to hormones that are present in constant amounts in the blood.
b) ... leads to the increased sensitivity of the target organ to the hormone.
c) ... leads to a decrease in the number of receptors in the target cell.
d)... occurs in part due to increased receptor synthesis in the target cell.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Human Anatomy (8th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 19 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 3RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 4RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 5RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 6RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 7RFTCh. 19 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 19 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10RFT
Ch. 19 - Prob. 11RFTCh. 19 - Blood vessels that supply or drain the thyroid...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 14RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 15RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 16RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 17RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 18RFTCh. 19 - A structure known as the corpus luteum secretes...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1RCCh. 19 - Prob. 2RCCh. 19 - Prob. 3RCCh. 19 - Prob. 4RCCh. 19 - Prob. 5RCCh. 19 - 6. What effects do thyroid hormones have on body...Ch. 19 - Prob. 7RCCh. 19 - Prob. 8RCCh. 19 - Prob. 9RCCh. 19 - 1. How could a pituitary tumor result in the...Ch. 19 - 2. Endocrine abnormalities rarely, if ever, result...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3CTCh. 19 - Prob. 4CT
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- (a) Describe where in the body each of the following endocrine glands is located: anterior and posterior lobe of the pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroids, and adrenals. (b) List the hormones secreted by each of these glands.arrow_forwardThe relationship between the insect hormones ecdysteroid and PTTH is an example of (A) an interaction of the endocrine and nervous systems. (B) homeostasis achieved by positive feedback. (C) homeostasis maintained by antagonistic hormones. (D) competitive inhibition of a hormone receptor.arrow_forwardThe hypothalamus (A) synthesizes all of the hormones produced by the pituitary gland. (B) influences the function of only one lobe of the pituitary gland. (C) produces only inhibitory hormones. (D) regulates both reproduction and body temperature.arrow_forward
- The endocrine system encompasses several different glands and hormones. After reading about the endocrine system, which do you think is the most interesting hormone or gland? Why? What diseases and surgeries are associated with this hormone or gland (name at least one disease and one surgery)?arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the anterior and posterior pituitary glands. a) Explain how these glands are similar. b) Explain how these glands are different. c) Choose 1 hormone secreted by each gland and describe the feedback pathway for that hormone.arrow_forwardWhich of the following can regulate the release of hormone from an endocrine tissue? a) Non-hormonal substances in the blood b) Other hormones c) Negative feed-back mechanisms d) The nervous systemarrow_forward
- Hormones can be released into the blood ... a) ... in large quantities in response to stimuli. b) ... quite continuously. c) ... in cyclically increasing and decreasing quantities.arrow_forwardWhich of the following cells secrete releasing or inhibiting hormones? (a) hypothalamic neurons, (b) medullary chromaffin cells, (c) cells in the anterior lobe of the pituitary, (d) parafollicular cells.arrow_forwardOn a realistic drawing of the endocrine glands in the body, mark and label the endocrine organs that develop from the (a) roof of the embryonic mouth, (b) floor of the diencephalon, (c) endoderm on the floor of the pharynx, (d) endoderm of the pharyngeal pouches (two answers here), (e) neural crest of early sympathetic trunk ganglia.arrow_forward
- Which of these assertions about hormones is not accurate? Which of these assertions about hormones is not accurate? A.)Hormones produced by the hypothalamus are considered neurohormones. B.) Cortisol is released in response to the release of ACTH from the pituitary. C.) Hormonal changes during puberty and pregnancy are forms of endocrine disruption. D.) Growth and metamorphosis are controlled by hormones.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not an accuratestatement?(A) Hormones are chemical messengers that travelto target cells through the circulatory system.(B) Hormones often regulate homeostasisthrough antagonistic functions.(C) Hormones of the same chemical class usually have thesame function.(D) Hormones are often regulated through feedback loopsarrow_forwardfill i the blank Dwarfism, gigantism, acromegaly are associated with which hormone ................?arrow_forward
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