Human Anatomy (8th Edition) - Standalone book
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321883322
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Robert B. Tallitsch
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 3CT
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reasons for hypothyroidism caused by the problems at the level of pituitary, hypothalamus, and thyroid gland.
Introduction:
The primary function serve by the thyroid gland include the secretion of the TH (thyroid hormone). When the level of the TH decreases in the blood, it causes various
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In Graves' disease, the body attacks the thyroid gland tissue and causes it to overproduce thyroid hormones, resulting in elevated blood levels of T3 and T4.
Which of the following statements would be TRUE?
Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would not release TRH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would release more TSH.
Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would release more TRH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would then stop releasing TSH.
Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would not release TRH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would not release TSH.
Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would not release TSH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would not release TRH.
The endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones that regulate the activity of different body cells. The pituitary gland is often called the "master gland" because it controls the activities of other glands.
Discuss a disorder associated with either hypo or hypersecretion of a specific hormone secreted by the pituitary gland.
Include in your discussion the answer to the following:
What effect will an increase or decrease in production have on the target organs?What signs and symptoms are associated with this condition and how is it treated?
Classify the following hormones into whether they are produced by the hypothalamus or the anterior pituitary gland.
Anterior Pituitary Hormones
Hypothalamic Hormones
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
(thyrotropin)
Luteinizing hormone
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Somatostatin
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
Growth hormone
Growth hormone-releasing
hormone
Gonadotropin-releasing
hormone
Prolactin-inhibiting hormone
Chapter 19 Solutions
Human Anatomy (8th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 19 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 3RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 4RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 5RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 6RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 7RFTCh. 19 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 19 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10RFT
Ch. 19 - Prob. 11RFTCh. 19 - Blood vessels that supply or drain the thyroid...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 14RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 15RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 16RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 17RFTCh. 19 - Prob. 18RFTCh. 19 - A structure known as the corpus luteum secretes...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1RCCh. 19 - Prob. 2RCCh. 19 - Prob. 3RCCh. 19 - Prob. 4RCCh. 19 - Prob. 5RCCh. 19 - 6. What effects do thyroid hormones have on body...Ch. 19 - Prob. 7RCCh. 19 - Prob. 8RCCh. 19 - Prob. 9RCCh. 19 - 1. How could a pituitary tumor result in the...Ch. 19 - 2. Endocrine abnormalities rarely, if ever, result...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3CTCh. 19 - Prob. 4CT
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- Provide an example of a (primary) hypothyroidism disorder in an adult. Would you expect thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) to be increased or decreased with this disorder? Justify your response. Briefly outline the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism.arrow_forwardDescribe two examples of steroid hormone action that occur too rapidly to be the consequence of altered levels of protein synthesis.arrow_forwardExplain the formation of the thyroid hormones. What factors control the secretion of parathyroid hormones?arrow_forward
- Goiter can occur as a result of an in thyroid stimulating hormone or a of functional thyroid hormones. decrease, decrease decrease, increase increase, increase increase, decreasearrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements about T3 is FALSE? 1) It is thought to be the most active thyroid hormone. 2) It may be elevated to a greater extent than T4 in hyperthyroidism. 3) It is not bound to serum proteins. 4) It is commonly decreased in patients with nonthyroidal illness. no references, just homework.arrow_forwardState the action of each of the following hormones:a. triiodothyronineb. insulinc. glucagond. growth hormonee. cholecystokininarrow_forward
- Another general principle of physiology is that structure is a determinant of—and has coevolved with—function. The structure of the thyroid gland is very unlike other endocrine glands. How is the structure of this gland related to its function?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT secreted by the thyroid? View Available Hint(s)for Part B thyroid-stimulating hormone calcitonin thyroxine triiodothyronine Where is the thyroid gland located? View Available Hint(s)for Part A at the base of the brain near the hypothalamus adjacent to the trachea in the neck posterior to the sternum in the thoracic cavity posterior to the parathyroid glands in the neckarrow_forwardWhich cells in the thyroid gland produce calcitonin? which mineral is regulated by calcitonin? List three processes in the body in which this mineral is involved.arrow_forward
- a) How does the body's hormonal response to short-term stress differ from the body's hormonal response to long-term stress? In your answer, provide the names of the hormones released, the glands from which they are released, and the effects on the body. b) Provide 2 reasons (as discussed in class) why long-term stress is harmful to our physical health.arrow_forwardConsider the communication between the hypothalamus, pituitary and various target organs when answering this question. For each condition discussed, state the change you would expect to find for each hormone/compound addressed - INCREASED, DECREASED, UNAFFECTED, CAN'T INTERPRET: A patient suffering from untreated Graves disease: A) TSH B) Calcitonin C) Thyroxine(T4/T3) D) TRH A patient suffering from untreated goiter: A) TSH B) Calcitonin C) Thyroxine(T4/T3) D) TRH A patient suffering from pituitary tumor secreting ACTH: A) CRH B) ACTH C) Cortisol D) Plasma potassium level Now, let's consider calcium metabolism and balance. For each condition discussed, state the change you would expect to find for hormone/calcium levels - INCREASED, DECREASED, UNAFFECTED, CAN'T INTERPRET: A patient with…arrow_forwardExplain the statement ‘The thyroid gland can affect all major body systems’arrow_forward
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