(a) Interpretation: To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose. Concept Introduction: Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components. They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total, then it is called as a pentose, if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.1, Problem 18.10QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components. They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total, then it is called as a pentose, if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components .They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total ,then it is called as a pentose , if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

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Part VII. The H-NMR of a compound with molecular formula C5 H 10 O2 is given below. Find the following: (a) The no. of protons corresponding to each signal in the spectra (6) Give the structure of the compound and assign the signals to each proton in the compound. a 70.2 Integration Values C5H10O2 b 47.7 C 46.5 d 69.5 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 Chemical Shift (ppm) 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8

Part 111. 1 H-NMR spectrum of a compound with integration values in red is given below. Answer the following: (a) write the signals in the 'H-NMR spectrum to the corresponding protons on the structure of the molecule below. (b) Identify the theoretical multiplicities for each proton in the compound. Also give the possible. complex splitting patterns assuming J values are not similar. там Br 22 2 3 6 4 7.2 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.0 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0 Chemical Shift (ppm) ra. Br 2 3 6 6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 Chemical Shift (ppm) 2 2 Br 7.3 7.2 7.1 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.1 6.0 Chemical Shift (ppm) 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.0 4.9

1600° 1538°C 1493°C In the diagram, the letter L indicates that it is a liquid. Indicate its components in the upper region where only L is indicated. The iron-iron carbide phase diagram. Temperature (°C) 1400 8 1394°C y+L 1200 2.14 y, Austenite 10000 912°C 800a 0.76 0.022 600 400 (Fe) a, Ferrite Composition (at% C) 15 1147°C a + Fe3C 2 3 Composition (wt% C) L 2500 4.30 2000 y + Fe3C 727°C 1500 Cementite (Fe3C) 1000 4 5 6 6.70 Temperature (°F)

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.1, Problem 18.10QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components. They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total, then it is called as a pentose, if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components .They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total ,then it is called as a pentose , if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.1, Problem 18.10QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components. They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total, then it is called as a pentose, if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components .They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total ,then it is called as a pentose , if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

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Answer 4

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.1, Problem 18.10QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components. They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total, then it is called as a pentose, if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components .They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total ,then it is called as a pentose , if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18.1, Problem 18.10QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components. They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total, then it is called as a pentose, if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components .They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total ,then it is called as a pentose , if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Answer 6

Chapter 18.1, Problem 18.10QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components. They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total, then it is called as a pentose, if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Answer 7

Chapter 18.1, Problem 18.10QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components. They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total, then it is called as a pentose, if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components .They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total ,then it is called as a pentose , if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To classify the given monosaccharide as aldohexose, aldopentose, ketopentose or ketohexose.

Concept Introduction:

Monosaccharides are most basic form of a carbohydrate and simplest form of sugars. They are unable to hydrolyze into simpler components .They contain about three to seven carbon atoms in total and one of them is a carbonyl group and rest of the carbon atoms are attached to the hydroxyl groups. If a given monosaccharide will contain five carbon atoms in total ,then it is called as a pentose , if the number of carbon atoms is six, then it will be known as a hexose. An aldohexose refers to a monosaccharide which contains six carbon atoms and the carbonyl group is an aldehydic group (CH=O). On the other hand a ketohexose refers to the monosaccharide which contains a ketonic group (C=O), and six carbon atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Answer 10

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Answer 13

Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.1QAP Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.2QAP Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.3QAP Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.4QAP Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.5QAP Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.6QAP Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.7QAP Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.8QAP Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.9QAP Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.10QAP

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