The consequence of mutation in a cell where M cyclin cannot be degraded. Concept introduction: Cyclins are part of the heterodimeric kinase that forms its regulatory subunit. The cell cycle has its specific cyclins for specific cell cycle phases. They are produced only during the prior gap phase. The cyclins regulate the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity. The Cdks will be present in all four phases but are activated only in the presence of the respective cyclins. Once the work of cyclin is done, they are immediately degraded.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 30Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where M cyclin cannot be degraded.

Concept introduction: Cyclins are part of the heterodimeric kinase that forms its regulatory subunit. The cell cycle has its specific cyclins for specific cell cycle phases. They are produced only during the prior gap phase. The cyclins regulate the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity. The Cdks will be present in all four phases but are activated only in the presence of the respective cyclins. Once the work of cyclin is done, they are immediately degraded.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where p21 is always expressed in high levels.

Concept introduction: p21 is CKI (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor). p21 has the ability to interact with all Cdk and inhibit them. They are primarily involving in halting the cell cycle for the cell to carry out DNA repair activity. The p21 halts the cell cycle by inhibiting the Cdks and the PCNA, which is the clamp for the polymerases thus inhibiting the assembly of replisome complex at the end of G1 phase, thereby preventing DNA replication until DNA repair is completed.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where Rb cannot be phosphorylated.

Concept introduction: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a tumor suppressor gene whose homozygous allele or loss of function mutation results in several types of cancer primarily retinoblastoma. It plays a very important role in the cell cycle. Rb prevents excessive cell proliferation and growth.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

19. On the diagram below a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA. b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing. c. Add the following details to the diagram. Promoter region TATA box Transcription start site Transcription terminator Intron (A,B,C,D) Exons (1,2,3,4,5) Splice sites 5' cap 5' UTR (untranslated region) 3' poly A tail 3' UTR (untranslated region) Translational start (AUG) Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA) N and C ends of polypeptide 0000

Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter labels are not used. MNNNNNNIN M C B A M D F E H K G 8

The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions. 1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction? 2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe: a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why? b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for? 3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale. 4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale. Mutation 1 Mutation 2

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 30Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where M cyclin cannot be degraded.

Concept introduction: Cyclins are part of the heterodimeric kinase that forms its regulatory subunit. The cell cycle has its specific cyclins for specific cell cycle phases. They are produced only during the prior gap phase. The cyclins regulate the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity. The Cdks will be present in all four phases but are activated only in the presence of the respective cyclins. Once the work of cyclin is done, they are immediately degraded.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where p21 is always expressed in high levels.

Concept introduction: p21 is CKI (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor). p21 has the ability to interact with all Cdk and inhibit them. They are primarily involving in halting the cell cycle for the cell to carry out DNA repair activity. The p21 halts the cell cycle by inhibiting the Cdks and the PCNA, which is the clamp for the polymerases thus inhibiting the assembly of replisome complex at the end of G1 phase, thereby preventing DNA replication until DNA repair is completed.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where Rb cannot be phosphorylated.

Concept introduction: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a tumor suppressor gene whose homozygous allele or loss of function mutation results in several types of cancer primarily retinoblastoma. It plays a very important role in the cell cycle. Rb prevents excessive cell proliferation and growth.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 30Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where M cyclin cannot be degraded.

Concept introduction: Cyclins are part of the heterodimeric kinase that forms its regulatory subunit. The cell cycle has its specific cyclins for specific cell cycle phases. They are produced only during the prior gap phase. The cyclins regulate the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity. The Cdks will be present in all four phases but are activated only in the presence of the respective cyclins. Once the work of cyclin is done, they are immediately degraded.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where p21 is always expressed in high levels.

Concept introduction: p21 is CKI (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor). p21 has the ability to interact with all Cdk and inhibit them. They are primarily involving in halting the cell cycle for the cell to carry out DNA repair activity. The p21 halts the cell cycle by inhibiting the Cdks and the PCNA, which is the clamp for the polymerases thus inhibiting the assembly of replisome complex at the end of G1 phase, thereby preventing DNA replication until DNA repair is completed.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where Rb cannot be phosphorylated.

Concept introduction: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a tumor suppressor gene whose homozygous allele or loss of function mutation results in several types of cancer primarily retinoblastoma. It plays a very important role in the cell cycle. Rb prevents excessive cell proliferation and growth.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 30Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where M cyclin cannot be degraded.

Concept introduction: Cyclins are part of the heterodimeric kinase that forms its regulatory subunit. The cell cycle has its specific cyclins for specific cell cycle phases. They are produced only during the prior gap phase. The cyclins regulate the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity. The Cdks will be present in all four phases but are activated only in the presence of the respective cyclins. Once the work of cyclin is done, they are immediately degraded.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where p21 is always expressed in high levels.

Concept introduction: p21 is CKI (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor). p21 has the ability to interact with all Cdk and inhibit them. They are primarily involving in halting the cell cycle for the cell to carry out DNA repair activity. The p21 halts the cell cycle by inhibiting the Cdks and the PCNA, which is the clamp for the polymerases thus inhibiting the assembly of replisome complex at the end of G1 phase, thereby preventing DNA replication until DNA repair is completed.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where Rb cannot be phosphorylated.

Concept introduction: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a tumor suppressor gene whose homozygous allele or loss of function mutation results in several types of cancer primarily retinoblastoma. It plays a very important role in the cell cycle. Rb prevents excessive cell proliferation and growth.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 30Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where M cyclin cannot be degraded.

Concept introduction: Cyclins are part of the heterodimeric kinase that forms its regulatory subunit. The cell cycle has its specific cyclins for specific cell cycle phases. They are produced only during the prior gap phase. The cyclins regulate the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity. The Cdks will be present in all four phases but are activated only in the presence of the respective cyclins. Once the work of cyclin is done, they are immediately degraded.

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where p21 is always expressed in high levels.

Concept introduction: p21 is CKI (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor). p21 has the ability to interact with all Cdk and inhibit them. They are primarily involving in halting the cell cycle for the cell to carry out DNA repair activity. The p21 halts the cell cycle by inhibiting the Cdks and the PCNA, which is the clamp for the polymerases thus inhibiting the assembly of replisome complex at the end of G1 phase, thereby preventing DNA replication until DNA repair is completed.

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where Rb cannot be phosphorylated.

Concept introduction: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a tumor suppressor gene whose homozygous allele or loss of function mutation results in several types of cancer primarily retinoblastoma. It plays a very important role in the cell cycle. Rb prevents excessive cell proliferation and growth.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 30Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where M cyclin cannot be degraded.

Concept introduction: Cyclins are part of the heterodimeric kinase that forms its regulatory subunit. The cell cycle has its specific cyclins for specific cell cycle phases. They are produced only during the prior gap phase. The cyclins regulate the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity. The Cdks will be present in all four phases but are activated only in the presence of the respective cyclins. Once the work of cyclin is done, they are immediately degraded.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 30Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where M cyclin cannot be degraded.

Concept introduction: Cyclins are part of the heterodimeric kinase that forms its regulatory subunit. The cell cycle has its specific cyclins for specific cell cycle phases. They are produced only during the prior gap phase. The cyclins regulate the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity. The Cdks will be present in all four phases but are activated only in the presence of the respective cyclins. Once the work of cyclin is done, they are immediately degraded.

Answer 8

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where p21 is always expressed in high levels.

Concept introduction: p21 is CKI (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor). p21 has the ability to interact with all Cdk and inhibit them. They are primarily involving in halting the cell cycle for the cell to carry out DNA repair activity. The p21 halts the cell cycle by inhibiting the Cdks and the PCNA, which is the clamp for the polymerases thus inhibiting the assembly of replisome complex at the end of G1 phase, thereby preventing DNA replication until DNA repair is completed.

Answer 9

B.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where p21 is always expressed in high levels.

Concept introduction: p21 is CKI (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor). p21 has the ability to interact with all Cdk and inhibit them. They are primarily involving in halting the cell cycle for the cell to carry out DNA repair activity. The p21 halts the cell cycle by inhibiting the Cdks and the PCNA, which is the clamp for the polymerases thus inhibiting the assembly of replisome complex at the end of G1 phase, thereby preventing DNA replication until DNA repair is completed.

Answer 10

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where Rb cannot be phosphorylated.

Concept introduction: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a tumor suppressor gene whose homozygous allele or loss of function mutation results in several types of cancer primarily retinoblastoma. It plays a very important role in the cell cycle. Rb prevents excessive cell proliferation and growth.

Answer 11

C.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The consequence of mutation in a cell where Rb cannot be phosphorylated.

Concept introduction: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a tumor suppressor gene whose homozygous allele or loss of function mutation results in several types of cancer primarily retinoblastoma. It plays a very important role in the cell cycle. Rb prevents excessive cell proliferation and growth.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 15

Ch. 18 - Prob. 1Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 2Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 3Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 4Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 5Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 6Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 7Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 8Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 9Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 10Q

Videos

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 18 Solutions