Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260494570
Author: Raven, Peter
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 18, Problem 2A
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
ENCODE stands for Encyclopedia of DNA Elements project is a collective effort to recognize all functional elements that are present in the genome of human. The primary interpretation of the work was
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Which statement BEST differentiate metagenomics from proteomics?
a The material used in metagenomics is mRNA while proteomic uses polypeptides.
b The material used in metagenomics is DNA while proteomic uses polypeptides.
c The material used in metagenomics is a transcriptome while proteomic uses polypeptides.
d The material used in metagenomics is DNA from a mitochondrion while proteomic uses polypeptides.
Check all the statements that are TRUE regarding 16S or ITS (microbiome) illumina (NGS) sequencing vs. whole genome illumina (NGS) sequencing.
A.
You don't need to trim the reads for 16S sequencing, but you do for whole genome sequencing.
B.
Whole genome sequencing files will have more reads in them because genomes are bigger than 16S amplicons.
C.
The read alignment and contig assembly steps would probably be harder for whole genome sequencing.
D.
The 16S molecules being sequenced are always DNA, while for whole genome sequencing they could be RNA or DNA going into the illumina sequencer.
E.
NGS for 16S and whole genome sequencing can both use sample indexes/barcodes to maximize efficiency.
F.
Whole genome sequencing doesn't necessarily require you to know any of the sequences/targets before hand to design specific primers for.
What is Sanger sequencing? Why do we use ddNTP? How to read a DNA sequence gel? c. What is a cDNA seq (RNA seq)? d. What is the main difference between a genomic and a transcriptome study?
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 18.1 - Describe the pros and cons of restriction mapping,...Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 18.2 - Discriminate between dideoxy terminator sequencing...Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 18.3 - Describe the findings of the Human Genome Project.Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 18.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 18.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 18.4 - Prob. 2LO
Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 18.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 18.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 18.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 18.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 18 - Prob. 1DACh. 18 - If the human genome contains approximately 3...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1IQCh. 18 - Prob. 2IQCh. 18 - Prob. 3IQCh. 18 - Prob. 4IQCh. 18 - Prob. 5IQCh. 18 - Prob. 6IQCh. 18 - A genetic map provides a. the sequence of the DNA...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2UCh. 18 - Approximately how many genes are there in the...Ch. 18 - An open reading frame (ORF) is distinguished by...Ch. 18 - What is a BLAST search? a. A mechanism for...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6UCh. 18 - Prob. 7UCh. 18 - Prob. 8UCh. 18 - Prob. 1ACh. 18 - Prob. 2ACh. 18 - Prob. 3ACh. 18 - Prob. 4ACh. 18 - What information can be obtained from a DNA...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6ACh. 18 - Prob. 7ACh. 18 - You are in the early stages of a genome-sequencing...Ch. 18 - Genomic research can be used to determine if an...
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- Q. How can you design your RT-PCR experiment to control for gDNA contamination? A. Use forward and reverse primers that bind to the same exon. B. Run a control lane where only RT was performed and not PCR. C. Run a control lane where mRNA has been amplified using PCR. D. Use forward and reverse primers that span the junction of 2 separate exons.arrow_forwarda. What are the purposes of sequence alignment? b. Define the local alignment and global alignment C. Compare local alignment and global alignment d. What is "Dot Plot" and why it is used?arrow_forwardTranscriptome analysis involves two separate methodologies: gene expression and RNA seq analyses. The 10 items below are a scrambled listing of the steps used in the two procedures. Identify the steps involved in RNA seq from the list below. Use the numbers in the list to refer to each step. Once the steps for RNA seq have been identified, write the steps in the order in which they are performed during the experiment. (1) DNA sequencing (2) Allow for hybridization and wash excess cRNA. (3) Mix labeled cRNA with array chip. (4) PCR amplification (5) Measure fluorescence intensity to determine abundance of transcripts. (6) Add labeled cRNA at each microarray location. (7) Map cDNA sequences to the genome of the organism to determine identity and abundance of transcripts. (8) mRNA isolation from cells (9) Prepare fluorescently labeled cRNA probes (10) cDNA synthesisarrow_forward
- A has been assembled by researchers and transplanted into a donor bacterial strain to study never before seen gene functions. Select one: a. Transgenic genome b. Recombinant DNA sequence c. Knockdown gene d. Synthetic genome o e. Recombinant plasmid Clear my choice is changing our Sequencing the human genome, the development of microarray technology, and understanding of complex diseases like cancer. They help us to observe the gene expression patterns in genetic disease by comparing the healthy tissue of individuals against the disease state of others. Select one: C a. Proteomics o b. Metagenomics MO C. Functional genomics d. Personal genomics O e. Developmental genomics Clear my choicearrow_forwardA. In what year was the National Bioethics Advisory Council formed? B. The first mammal clone to be produced from an adult (somatic cell)?arrow_forwardBriefly answer the question: Exome sequencing to identify a mutation that could cause a particular set of symptoms in a patient can reveal another genetic condition that has not yet been detected. Under what circumstances, if any, do you think patients should receive such "secondary findings"?arrow_forward
- If you are a genetic engineer and you cloned your gene of interest in a plasmid and you want to know if the protein encoded by the cloned gene is expressed or not, which of the following methods is the right one to use? Select one: a. Northern blot b. Both Northern and Western blots c. Agarose gel with polyacrylamide d. Western blot e. Protein gel and northern blotarrow_forwardHi, I would like to know which program is used for the graphical presentation of the results of a meta-analysis of genome-wide linkage scans?arrow_forward"Whole-Genome Sequencing Is Widely Used for Sequencing and Assembling Entire Genomes". Explain this ?arrow_forward
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