(a) Interpretation: Whether the statement. The general name of an aliphatic carboxylic acid is alkanoic acid is true or false. Concept Introduction: Alkanoic acid is the IUPAC name of carboxylic acid. First choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms having carboxyl group known as parent chain. The numbering of parent chain should be done in a way that the carboxyl group and substituents get the lowest number. The root name of the carbon chain is “oic” acid. The appropriate name should be given to every alkyl group and denote its position on the parent chain with the number. The alkyl groups are written in alphabetical order.

Question

Indicate how to find the energy difference between two levels in cm-1, knowing that its value is 2.5x10-25 joules.

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.5P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The general name of an aliphatic carboxylic acid is alkanoic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Alkanoic acid is the IUPAC name of carboxylic acid.

First choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms having carboxyl group known as parent chain.

The numbering of parent chain should be done in a way that the carboxyl group and substituents get the lowest number.

The root name of the carbon chain is “oic” acid.

The appropriate name should be given to every alkyl group and denote its position on the parent chain with the number.

The alkyl groups are written in alphabetical order.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

A molecule containing two COOH groups is called a dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Carboxylic acids containing two COOH groups are known as dicarboxylic acid.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Ethanedioic (oxalic acid) acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Oxalic acid contains total two carbon atoms. It’s IUPAC name is ethanedioic acid, here dioic represents the two carboxyl groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

3-Methylbutanoic acid is chiral is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Chiral molecules are those in which there are four different groups attached tetrahedrally.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The simplest carboxylic acid is methanoic acid (common name: formic acid), HCOOH is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Aromatic carboxylic acid must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Formic acid, which is the common name for HCO₂ H, is derived from the word Formica, which is the Latin name for ants is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

(S)-Lactic acid, CH₃ -CHOH-COOH, contains two functional groups: a 2⁰ alcohol and a carboxyl group are true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Lactic acid is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.5P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The general name of an aliphatic carboxylic acid is alkanoic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Alkanoic acid is the IUPAC name of carboxylic acid.

First choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms having carboxyl group known as parent chain.

The numbering of parent chain should be done in a way that the carboxyl group and substituents get the lowest number.

The root name of the carbon chain is “oic” acid.

The appropriate name should be given to every alkyl group and denote its position on the parent chain with the number.

The alkyl groups are written in alphabetical order.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

A molecule containing two COOH groups is called a dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Carboxylic acids containing two COOH groups are known as dicarboxylic acid.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Ethanedioic (oxalic acid) acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Oxalic acid contains total two carbon atoms. It’s IUPAC name is ethanedioic acid, here dioic represents the two carboxyl groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

3-Methylbutanoic acid is chiral is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Chiral molecules are those in which there are four different groups attached tetrahedrally.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The simplest carboxylic acid is methanoic acid (common name: formic acid), HCOOH is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Aromatic carboxylic acid must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Formic acid, which is the common name for HCO₂ H, is derived from the word Formica, which is the Latin name for ants is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

(S)-Lactic acid, CH₃ -CHOH-COOH, contains two functional groups: a 2⁰ alcohol and a carboxyl group are true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Lactic acid is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.5P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The general name of an aliphatic carboxylic acid is alkanoic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Alkanoic acid is the IUPAC name of carboxylic acid.

First choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms having carboxyl group known as parent chain.

The numbering of parent chain should be done in a way that the carboxyl group and substituents get the lowest number.

The root name of the carbon chain is “oic” acid.

The appropriate name should be given to every alkyl group and denote its position on the parent chain with the number.

The alkyl groups are written in alphabetical order.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

A molecule containing two COOH groups is called a dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Carboxylic acids containing two COOH groups are known as dicarboxylic acid.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Ethanedioic (oxalic acid) acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Oxalic acid contains total two carbon atoms. It’s IUPAC name is ethanedioic acid, here dioic represents the two carboxyl groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

3-Methylbutanoic acid is chiral is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Chiral molecules are those in which there are four different groups attached tetrahedrally.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The simplest carboxylic acid is methanoic acid (common name: formic acid), HCOOH is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Aromatic carboxylic acid must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Formic acid, which is the common name for HCO₂ H, is derived from the word Formica, which is the Latin name for ants is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

(S)-Lactic acid, CH₃ -CHOH-COOH, contains two functional groups: a 2⁰ alcohol and a carboxyl group are true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Lactic acid is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.5P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The general name of an aliphatic carboxylic acid is alkanoic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Alkanoic acid is the IUPAC name of carboxylic acid.

First choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms having carboxyl group known as parent chain.

The numbering of parent chain should be done in a way that the carboxyl group and substituents get the lowest number.

The root name of the carbon chain is “oic” acid.

The appropriate name should be given to every alkyl group and denote its position on the parent chain with the number.

The alkyl groups are written in alphabetical order.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

A molecule containing two COOH groups is called a dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Carboxylic acids containing two COOH groups are known as dicarboxylic acid.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Ethanedioic (oxalic acid) acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Oxalic acid contains total two carbon atoms. It’s IUPAC name is ethanedioic acid, here dioic represents the two carboxyl groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

3-Methylbutanoic acid is chiral is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Chiral molecules are those in which there are four different groups attached tetrahedrally.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The simplest carboxylic acid is methanoic acid (common name: formic acid), HCOOH is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Aromatic carboxylic acid must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Formic acid, which is the common name for HCO₂ H, is derived from the word Formica, which is the Latin name for ants is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

(S)-Lactic acid, CH₃ -CHOH-COOH, contains two functional groups: a 2⁰ alcohol and a carboxyl group are true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Lactic acid is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 18.5P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The general name of an aliphatic carboxylic acid is alkanoic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Alkanoic acid is the IUPAC name of carboxylic acid.

First choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms having carboxyl group known as parent chain.

The numbering of parent chain should be done in a way that the carboxyl group and substituents get the lowest number.

The root name of the carbon chain is “oic” acid.

The appropriate name should be given to every alkyl group and denote its position on the parent chain with the number.

The alkyl groups are written in alphabetical order.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

A molecule containing two COOH groups is called a dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Carboxylic acids containing two COOH groups are known as dicarboxylic acid.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Ethanedioic (oxalic acid) acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Oxalic acid contains total two carbon atoms. It’s IUPAC name is ethanedioic acid, here dioic represents the two carboxyl groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

3-Methylbutanoic acid is chiral is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Chiral molecules are those in which there are four different groups attached tetrahedrally.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The simplest carboxylic acid is methanoic acid (common name: formic acid), HCOOH is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Aromatic carboxylic acid must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Formic acid, which is the common name for HCO₂ H, is derived from the word Formica, which is the Latin name for ants is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

(S)-Lactic acid, CH₃ -CHOH-COOH, contains two functional groups: a 2⁰ alcohol and a carboxyl group are true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Lactic acid is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 18.5P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The general name of an aliphatic carboxylic acid is alkanoic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Alkanoic acid is the IUPAC name of carboxylic acid.

First choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms having carboxyl group known as parent chain.

The numbering of parent chain should be done in a way that the carboxyl group and substituents get the lowest number.

The root name of the carbon chain is “oic” acid.

The appropriate name should be given to every alkyl group and denote its position on the parent chain with the number.

The alkyl groups are written in alphabetical order.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 18.5P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The general name of an aliphatic carboxylic acid is alkanoic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Alkanoic acid is the IUPAC name of carboxylic acid.

First choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms having carboxyl group known as parent chain.

The numbering of parent chain should be done in a way that the carboxyl group and substituents get the lowest number.

The root name of the carbon chain is “oic” acid.

The appropriate name should be given to every alkyl group and denote its position on the parent chain with the number.

The alkyl groups are written in alphabetical order.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

A molecule containing two COOH groups is called a dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Carboxylic acids containing two COOH groups are known as dicarboxylic acid.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

A molecule containing two COOH groups is called a dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Carboxylic acids containing two COOH groups are known as dicarboxylic acid.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Ethanedioic (oxalic acid) acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Oxalic acid contains total two carbon atoms. It’s IUPAC name is ethanedioic acid, here dioic represents the two carboxyl groups.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Ethanedioic (oxalic acid) acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Oxalic acid contains total two carbon atoms. It’s IUPAC name is ethanedioic acid, here dioic represents the two carboxyl groups.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

3-Methylbutanoic acid is chiral is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Chiral molecules are those in which there are four different groups attached tetrahedrally.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

3-Methylbutanoic acid is chiral is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Chiral molecules are those in which there are four different groups attached tetrahedrally.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The simplest carboxylic acid is methanoic acid (common name: formic acid), HCOOH is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The simplest carboxylic acid is methanoic acid (common name: formic acid), HCOOH is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Answer 16

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Aromatic carboxylic acid must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity.

Answer 17

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Aromatic carboxylic acid must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity.

Answer 18

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Formic acid, which is the common name for HCO₂ H, is derived from the word Formica, which is the Latin name for ants is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Answer 19

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Formic acid, which is the common name for HCO₂ H, is derived from the word Formica, which is the Latin name for ants is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

Answer 20

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

(S)-Lactic acid, CH₃ -CHOH-COOH, contains two functional groups: a 2⁰ alcohol and a carboxyl group are true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Lactic acid is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

Answer 21

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

(S)-Lactic acid, CH₃ -CHOH-COOH, contains two functional groups: a 2⁰ alcohol and a carboxyl group are true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Lactic acid is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

Answer 22

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Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 18.1P Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 18.2P Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 18.3P Ch. 18 - 18-4 Answer true or false. (a) The functional...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.5P Ch. 18 - 18-6 Name and draw structural formulas for the...Ch. 18 - 18-7 Write the IUPAC name for each carboxylic...Ch. 18 - 18-8 Write the IUPAC name for each carboxylic...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.9P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.10P

(b) Interpretation: Whether the statement. A molecule containing two COOH groups is called a dicarboxylic acid is true or false. Concept Introduction: Carboxylic acids containing two COOH groups are known as dicarboxylic acid.

(c) Interpretation: Whether the statement. Ethanedioic (oxalic acid) acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid is true or false. Concept Introduction: Oxalic acid contains total two carbon atoms. It’s IUPAC name is ethanedioic acid, here dioic represents the two carboxyl groups.

(d) Interpretation: Whether the statement. 3-Methylbutanoic acid is chiral is true or false. Concept Introduction: Chiral molecules are those in which there are four different groups attached tetrahedrally.

(e) Interpretation: Whether the statement. The simplest carboxylic acid is methanoic acid (common name: formic acid), HCOOH is true or false. Concept Introduction: Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

(f) Interpretation: Whether the statement. Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid is true or false. Concept Introduction: Aromatic carboxylic acid must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity.

(g) Interpretation: Whether the statement. Formic acid, which is the common name for HCO2 H, is derived from the word Formica, which is the Latin name for ants is true or false. Concept Introduction: Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

(h) Interpretation: Whether the statement. (S)-Lactic acid, CH3 -CHOH-COOH, contains two functional groups: a 20 alcohol and a carboxyl group are true or false. Concept Introduction: Lactic acid is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

Chapter 18 Solutions

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

A molecule containing two COOH groups is called a dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Carboxylic acids containing two COOH groups are known as dicarboxylic acid.

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Ethanedioic (oxalic acid) acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Oxalic acid contains total two carbon atoms. It’s IUPAC name is ethanedioic acid, here dioic represents the two carboxyl groups.

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

3-Methylbutanoic acid is chiral is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Chiral molecules are those in which there are four different groups attached tetrahedrally.

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

The simplest carboxylic acid is methanoic acid (common name: formic acid), HCOOH is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Aromatic carboxylic acid must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity.

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

Formic acid, which is the common name for HCO₂ H, is derived from the word Formica, which is the Latin name for ants is true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Formic acid is a carboxylic acid with one carbon.

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether the statement.

(S)-Lactic acid, CH₃ -CHOH-COOH, contains two functional groups: a 2⁰ alcohol and a carboxyl group are true or false.

Concept Introduction:

Lactic acid is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.