Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 10SQ
Molecular clocks are based on comparisons of the number of ______ mutations between species.
- a. lethal
- b. neutral
- c. conservative
- d. nonconservative
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Are gene mutations caused by selective pressures in the environment? In other words, do gene mutations arise in an organism out of need or want?
Group of answer choices
A. No, because gene mutations are not purely random.
B. Yes, because gene mutations are not purely random.
C. No, because gene mutations are purely random.
D. Yes, because gene mutations are purely random.
Luria & Delbruck's fluctuation test demonstrated that _________________.
a.mutations are spontaneous & pre-existing at low frequency within populations
b.transition mutations occur early in the growth of a population
c.mutations induced as adaptations in response to the environment
d.transversion mutations occur late in the growth of a population
e.resistance to phage T1 a physiological state induced by the presence of the phage
In the paper we read at the beginning of the term the coat color differences in the beach mice were driven by change in the melanocortin-1 (MCR-1) gene between the color morphs. Based on this information what can you conclude about the mutation causing the color change?
a.
It is a nonsynonymous substitution.
b.
The mutation is considered silent.
c.
The mutation is a transition.
d.
It is a synonymous substitution.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 18 - In cladistics, the only taxon that is always...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2SQCh. 18 - A clade is _________. a. defined by a derived...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4SQCh. 18 - In cladograms, sister groups are _______ . a....Ch. 18 - Through _______, a body part of an ancestor is...Ch. 18 - Homologous structures among major groups of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8SQCh. 18 - Mitochondrial DNA sequences are often used in...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The Poouli...
Ch. 18 - Prob. 2DAACh. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The Poouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The Poouli...Ch. 18 - Molecular clocks are based on comparisons of the...Ch. 18 - True or false? DNA barcoding can identify an...Ch. 18 - A mutation that alters the embryonic expression...Ch. 18 - All of the following data types can be used as...Ch. 18 - True or false? Phylogeny helps us study the spread...Ch. 18 - Prob. 15SQCh. 18 - In the late 1800s, a biologist studying animal...Ch. 18 - The photos shown above illustrate a case of...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- By comparing DNA sequence of a specific gene, we can determine the evolutionary relationship of two organisms. Based on the sequence listed below, which two species would you expect to be more closely related? Organism No.1 with ATG CAA TAC GCC, organism No. 2 with ATG CAT GAC ACC and organims No. 3 with ATG CAT TAC GCC A. Organims No.2 and No.3 are likely more closely related. b.Organims No.1 and No.2 are likely more closely related. c.Organims No 1 and No.3 are likely more closely related.arrow_forwardA researcher compares several species of maple tree by examining the amino acid sequence of a protein. The researcher discovers that the amino acid sequence differs in three locations depending on the species of tree. What can the researcher conclude based on this data? A. Maple trees are evolving rapidly. B. The different species have different morphological characteristics. C. The maple trees have been exposed to high levels of mutagens. D. The genetic makeup of the maple tree population has changed over time.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not true of a single nucleotide polymorphism?a. It is usually caused by a translocation mutation.b. It is usually caused by a nucleotide substitutionmutation.c. It may change the phenotype of an organism.d. It is inherited from parent to offspring.arrow_forward
- Which statement about the neutral-mutation hypothesis is true? a. All proteins are functionless. b. Natural selection plays no role in evolution. c. Many molecular variants are functionally equivalent. d. All of the abovearrow_forwardIn humans, mutations can be the result of _________________. * A. racial discrimination B. political intervention C. exposure to harmful level of radiation D. migration pattern 2. Which of the following causes a decreasing wildlife population in most of the places in our country? * A. loss of limiting factor B. loss of natural disturbances C. loss of habitat D. loss of carrying capacityarrow_forwardDefine gene mutation Group of answer choices A. the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. B. the introduction of genetic material (by interbreeding) from one population of a species to another, thereby changing the composition of the gene pool of the receiving population C. variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce. D. A rare and random change in a gene that can be bad or benef icial depending on the environment .arrow_forward
- 1arrow_forwardecall the E. coli long-term evolution experiment. What is the evidence that supports the notion of “historical contingency”? A. All strains that evolved to be Cit+ were found to have changes to the exact same gene. B. Cit+ cells could import citrate under both low oxygen and high oxygen conditions. C. That after 30,000 generations the genotypes of all 12 lines were identical. D. Replay experiments only produced new Cit+ strains after 20,000 generationsarrow_forwardModern dogs are direct descendants of the gray wolf. They first appeared about 130,000 years ago. Today, there are about 150 different breeds of domestic dog, a few of which are shown below. 1. Gray wolf All modern domestic dogs are descendants of the gray wolf. adapted from: www. pba.org The great variety of modern dogs can best be explained by A. selective breeding of dogs over many years B. the cloning of domestic dogs C. genetic alterations in gray wolves alive today D. natural selection favoring wolves over dogsarrow_forward
- Certain species of blind fish living in perpetual darkness in the ocean depths have evolved from ancestors that could see. Research indicates that the brain centers for vision in these fish is degenerating, whereas the brain centers controlling other senses are enlarging. What might be the MOST probable reason for the loss of vision in these fish? O A. exposure to mutagens that caused the loss of vision B. progressive selection of genetic variants in the population leading to blindness as an evolutionary adaptation C. infection by cave-dwelling microorganisms that has led to degeneration of the eyes O D. extreme high pressure at the ocean depths causing a deterioration of visionarrow_forwardAre the following examples a description of genetics at the molecular, cellular, organismal, or populational level? A. People with cystic fibrosis have lung problems due to a buildup of mucus in their lungs B. The mutant CF gene encodes a chloride transporter that doesn't transport chloride ions very well. C. A defect in the chloride transporter causes a salt imbalance in lung cells.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements does not support how prokaryotes have a large amount of genetic variation A. The mutation rate in prokaryotes is not particularly high B. Prokaryotes have extremely short generation times and large populations C. They can exchange DNA with many types of prokaryotes by way of horizontal gene transfer D. They have a relatively small genomearrow_forward
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Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY