Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323717271
Author: Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 17, Problem 1TYU
In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin until
(A) the two DNA strands have completely separated and exposed the promoter.
(B) several transcription factors have bound to the promoter.
(C) the 5' caps are removed from the mRNA.
(D) the DNA introns are removed from the template.
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In the diagram of transcription shown here, fill in the blanks with the appropriate terms: (a) gene; (b) promoter; (c) terminator; (d) RNA polymerase; (e) mRNA.
A single template strand of a DNA molecule is represented by
3’atgtaccatgcgcaaatttaaaggccc5’.
a) Using the same strand above as a template, write the pre-mRNA transcript.
b) List the molecules that must be present for DNA to be transcribed. Briefly describe their function.
c) What are three modifications that happen to pre-mRNA before it becomes mature mRNA
A single template strand of a DNA molecule is represented by
3’atgtaccatgcgcaaatttaaaggccc5’.
a) Imagine that AAG is an INTRON in the original DNA template strand above. Write the mature mRNA strand after the three modifications?
b) Write the amino acid sequence of your mature mRNA.
c) List the molecules involved in translation and briefly describe their function.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 17.1 - What polypeptide product would you expect from a...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In a research artide about...Ch. 17.2 - What enables RNA polymerase to start transcribing...Ch. 17.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose X-rays caused a sequence change...Ch. 17.3 - There are about 20,000 human protein-coding genes....Ch. 17.3 - How is RNA splicing similar to how you would watch...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.4 - What two processes ensure that the correct amino...
Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.4 - WH AT IF? In eukaryotic cells, mRNAs have been...Ch. 17.5 - What happens when one nucleotide pair is lost from...Ch. 17.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Individuals heterozygous for the...Ch. 17.5 - WHAT IF? DRAW IT The template strand of a gene...Ch. 17 - Describe the process of gene expression, by which...Ch. 17 - What are the similarities and differences in the...Ch. 17 - What function do the 5' cap and the poly-A tail...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.4CRCh. 17 - What will be the results of chemically modifying...Ch. 17 - In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin...Ch. 17 - Which of the following is not true of a codon? (A)...Ch. 17 - The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is (A)...Ch. 17 - Which of the following is not true of RNA...Ch. 17 - Which component is not directly involved in...Ch. 17 - Using Figure 17.6, identify a 5' 3' sequence of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 17 - Would the coupling of the processes shown in...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 17 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 17 - scientific inquiry Knowing that the genetic code...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 17 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Which statement is false: A) Each type of protein ( ex: hemoglobin vs trypsionngen) varies in the length and amino acid sequence of its peptide B) After the rpocess of transcription is complete, the mRNA that is produced will continue being tranlsated by ribosomes for the rest of the cells life. mRNA never breaks down C) A ribosome will bind to an mRNA and will translate the sequence by reading one codon at a time and adding one amino acid to the peptide chain. It will stop the translation once it encounters a stop codon D) The gene for a protein provides the information on the legth of the peptide, along w the amino acid sequence so the protein can be synthesized by a ribosome E) Once mRNA has left the nucleus, ribosomes will bind to it and will follow the instructions in its sequence to make the new protienarrow_forwardTranscription and translation are separate processes in gene expression; however, they have similarities. The following terms all relate to translation. Which of these has a role that is most similar to that of the transcription start site during transcription? A)Start codon B)Stop codon C)tRNA D)Amino acidarrow_forwardRNA polymerases generally require a primer to begin transcription. (T) (F) The Death Cap Mushroom Amanita phalloides is toxic because of its ability to produce alpha-amanitin, which is an inhibitor of RNA Polymerases I and III. (T) (F) In bacteria, transcription and translation can occur simultaneously. (T) (F) In eukaryotes, transcription and translation can occur simultaneously (T) (F) RNA polymerase II has no form of proofreading activity. (T) (F) Sigma factors specify binding of bacterial RNA Polymerases to specific promoters (T) (F) An E. coli strain with mutations in genes encoding both the dam methylase and the RecA protein would likely be inviable (dead) (T) (F) An E. coli culture grown in a pure (100%) N2 atmosphere would likely have a lower rate of mutations than a culture grown under normal conditions (~30% O2 and 70% N2) (T) (F) Non-homologous end joining repairs double strand DNA breaks with no loss of information, restoring the original…arrow_forward
- Q11arrow_forward16) PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: A) Describe the process of protein synthesis. Be sure to use transcription and translation in your answer (and explain the parts involved in each process) B) Why is RNA transcription a necessary process?arrow_forwardMatch the correct terms with its definition A. Transcription B. Translation C. Amino acid D. Dehydration ..........1. Process of producing a polypeptide from mRNA. ..........2. Process that forms messenger RNA from a DNA gene. ..........3. RNA polymerase is continuous by adding nucleotides complementary to the DNA template. ..........4. Small ribosome subunit binds to mRNA, and tRNA enters the P active site on the ribosome. ..........5. Processes of monomers are linked together to synthesize a biological polymer. ..........6. The building blocks of protein.arrow_forward
- Using the transcription unit diagrammed below, in which exons are represented by blue boxes and introns are represented by the connecting lines. You discover a single base deletion in region E of this DNA sequence. Regarding transcription, this mutation will likely: 1.) Result in an alteration to the mRNA sequence. 2.)Have no effect on transcription or the mRNA sequence 3.)Prevent transcription at the TATAA box 4.) Result in an increase or decrease in the amount of mRNA transcribedarrow_forwardBelow is a template strand of DNA. Assume the transcription start site is outside of this sequence so that the whole sequence is transcribed. After the mRNA is made, what amino acid sequence would be translated from this sequence? Translation begins at the first start codon of the mRNA. DNA template strand: 5’ ...ACTGATGCCCATGGC... 3’ a)Met-Pro-Met b)Ala-Met-Gly-Ile-Ser c)Thr-Asp-Ala-His-Gly d)Met-Gly-Ile-Serarrow_forwardA regulatory region shows all of the following properties except a) can be located in an exon. b) can be located at a distance from the gene. c) acts as a binding site for transcription factors. d) acts as a binding site for a polymerase.arrow_forward
- A TATA box (core promoter) is ____________.Group of answer choices a) None of the above b) binding site for RNA polymerase II and essential to initiate transcription c) one of the stop codons d) the translation termination sequence.arrow_forwardThe diagram shows part of a pre-mRNA molecule. A G part X (a) (i) Name the two substances that make up part X. (ii) Give the sequence of bases on the DNA strand from which this pre-mRNA has been transcribed. (b) (i) Give one way in which the structure of an MRNA molecule is different from the structure of a tRNA molecule. (ii) Explain the difference between pre-mRNA and mRNA. (c) The table shows the percentage of different bases in two pre-mRNA molecules. The molecules were transcribed from the DNA in different parts of a chromosome. Part of Percentage of base chromosome A G U Middle 38 20 24 End 31 22 26arrow_forwardWithin a cell, the amount of protein made using a given mRNAmolecule depends partly on(A) the degree of DNA methylation.(B) the rate at which the mRNA is degraded.(C) the number of introns present in the mRNA.(D) the types of ribosomes present in the cytoplasmarrow_forward
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