Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
bartleby

Concept explainers

bartleby

Videos

Question
Book Icon
Chapter 17, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Bacterial recombination is a type of genetic recombination in that bacterial DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is transferred from one bacterial cell (donor) to another bacterium (recipient) to generate genetic variability. This process takes place mainly in three ways, which are transformation, transduction, and conjugation.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

The differences in the genes of bacteria can be studied by measuring the passage of genes between cells during conjugation, transduction, and transformation.

Explanation of Solution

Justification/explanation for the correct answer:

Option (e) states that the differences in genes of bacteria can be measured by the flow of genes between cells during conjugation, transduction, and transformation. The transfer of genetic information between individuals in recombination can be measured from the existence of recombinants produced from the genetic recombination. The time and order of the genes can be noted down that were transferred to the recombinants. Then, the genes can be mapped and assign in their particular positions. This can be done majorly in conjugation. Hence, option (e) is correct.

Explanation for the incorrect answer:

Option (a) states that the bacteria cannot be grown on minimal media as the media lacks essential nutrients while studying the differences in bacterial genes. The differences in the genes of the bacteria can also be studied by growing bacteria on a minimal medium for screening recombinants or conjugants. The recombinants can be differentiated from the nonrecombinants by growing them on different media, which favors them. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (b) states that the bacterial clone, which is a group of cells from different bacteria of varying genetic make-up can be used to study the differences in bacterial genes. The passage of genes between the cells can be studied through different recombination processes. The genes in recombinants can be studied using bacterial clone, which are genetically identical cells of the same bacteria. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (c) states that the bacterial diploid is used because of their ability to grow on minimal medium, for studying the differences in genes. Bacteria becomes partial diploid (merozygote) when recombination takes place. These are then grown on minimal media for differentiating them from nonrecombinants and to study the differences in the genes of bacteria. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (d) states that only one genetic trait can be studied in a single recombinant event. The recipient cell or the recombinant can be tested for the presence of multiple genetic traits (multiple donor alleles) in a single recombinant event. So, it is an incorrect option.

Hence, options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that the differences in the genes of bacteria can be studied by measuring the passage of genes between the cells during conjugation, transduction, and transformation with the help of horizontal gene transfer determinations.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions. 1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction? 2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe: a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why? b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?  3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale. 4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale. Mutation 1 Mutation 2
There is currently a H5N1 cattle outbreak in North America. According to the CDC on Feb 26*: "A multistate outbreak of HPAI A(H5N1) bird flu in dairy cows was first reported on March 25, 2024. This is the first time that these bird flu viruses had been found in cows. In the United States, since 2022, USDA has reported HPAI A(H5N1) virus detections in more than 200 mammals." List and describe two mechanisms that could lead to this H5N1 influenza strain evolving to spread in human:  Mechanisms 1: Mechanisms 2: For the mutations to results in a human epidered they would need to change how the virus interacts with the human host. In the case of mutations that may promote an epidemic, provide an example for: a protein that might incur a mutation: how the mutation would change interactions with cells in the respiratory tract (name the receptor on human cells) List two phenotypic consequence from this mutation that would increase human risk
You have a bacterial strain with the CMU operon: a) As shown in the image below, the cmu operon encodes a peptide (Pep1), as well as a kinase and regulator corresponding to a two-component system. The cmu operon is activated when Pep 1 is added to the growth media. Pep1 is a peptide that when added extracellularly leads to activation of the Cmu operon. Pep1 cmu-kinase cmu-regulator You also have these genetic components in other strains: b) An alternative sigma factor, with a promoter activated by the cmu-regulator, that control a series of multiple operons that together encode a transformasome (cellular machinery for transformation). c) the gene cl (a repressor). d) the promoter X, which includes a cl binding site (and in the absence of cl is active). e) the gene gp (encoding a green fluorescence protein). Using the cmu operon as a starting point, and assuming you can perform cloning to rearrange any of these genomic features, how would you use one or more of these to modify the…
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Biology
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
Concepts of Biology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168116
Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher:OpenStax College
Text book image
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
Biology
ISBN:9781305967359
Author:STARR
Publisher:CENGAGE L
Text book image
Understanding Nutrition (MindTap Course List)
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781337392693
Author:Eleanor Noss Whitney, Sharon Rady Rolfes
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Genome Annotation, Sequence Conventions and Reading Frames; Author: Loren Launen;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWvYgGyqVys;License: Standard Youtube License