The terms that apply for CH 3 − CH 2 − NH 2 has to be given. Concept Introduction: Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

Question

calculate the questions showing the solution including variables,unit and equations all the questiosn below using the data.show solving and answer a) B1, b) B2, c) hybrid rate constant (1) d) hybrid rate constant (2) e) t1/2,dist t1/2,absorb f) t1/2,elim k) apparent central compartment volume (V1,app) p) total AUC (using short cut method) apparent volume of distribution based on AUC (VAUC,app) apparent clearance (CLapp) absolute bioavailabilty of oral route ( AUCiv =116ml)

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.59EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH2 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−N+H3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−N+H2−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.59EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH2 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−N+H3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−N+H2−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.59EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH2 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−N+H3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−N+H2−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.59EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH2 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−N+H3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−N+H2−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

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Answer 5

Chapter 17, Problem 17.59EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH2 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−N+H3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−N+H2−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

Answer 6

Chapter 17, Problem 17.59EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH2 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

Answer 7

Chapter 17, Problem 17.59EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH2 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−NH−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−N+H3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−N+H3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−N+H2−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The terms that apply for CH3−CH2−N+H2−CH3 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Free amine is the one that has nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms and a lone pair of electrons is present on it. Deprotonated base is the one that can accept a hydrogen ion. Due to the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen atom in amine, it can also be known as deprotonated base. Free base is the one that has a more electronegative atom which can act as a proton acceptor. Amine has a nitrogen atom which can accept a hydrogen ion. Hence, amine can be a proton acceptor. Protonated base is the one in which the nitrogen atom in the amine has four bonds. The fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond. The formed species has a positive charge on it.

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Answer 25

Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 4QQ Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 4QQ

Solution Summary: The author explains that free amine, free base, and deprotonated bases are given.

Chapter 17 Solutions