Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The structure of nitrogen-containing compound that is obtained when the given amide undergoes basic hydrolysis has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Amides are derivatives of
Acidic hydrolysis of amides gives the product as carboxylic acid and
Basic hydrolysis of amides gives the product as carboxylic acid salt and amine. Carboxylic acid salt is obtained because in basic conditions the carboxylic acid is converted into carboxylic acid salt.
(b)
Interpretation:
The structure of nitrogen-containing compound that is obtained when the given amide undergoes basic hydrolysis has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Amides are derivatives of carboxylic acid. Amides are not much reactive as of carboxylic acids. They are also stable relatively in aqueous solution. But under strenuous conditions amides undergo hydrolysis. The conditions are presence of acid, base or enzymes.
Acidic hydrolysis of amides gives the product as carboxylic acid and amine salt. Amine salt is obtained because in acidic conditions the amine is converted into amine salt.
Basic hydrolysis of amides gives the product as carboxylic acid salt and amine. Carboxylic acid salt is obtained because in basic conditions the carboxylic acid is converted into carboxylic acid salt.
(c)
Interpretation:
The structure of nitrogen-containing compound that is obtained when the given amide undergoes basic hydrolysis has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Amides are derivatives of carboxylic acid. Amides are not much reactive as of carboxylic acids. They are also stable relatively in aqueous solution. But under strenuous conditions amides undergo hydrolysis. The conditions are presence of acid, base or enzymes.
Acidic hydrolysis of amides gives the product as carboxylic acid and amine salt. Amine salt is obtained because in acidic conditions the amine is converted into amine salt.
Basic hydrolysis of amides gives the product as carboxylic acid salt and amine. Carboxylic acid salt is obtained because in basic conditions the carboxylic acid is converted into carboxylic acid salt.
(d)
Interpretation:
The structure of nitrogen-containing compound that is obtained when the given amide undergoes basic hydrolysis has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Amides are derivatives of carboxylic acid. Amides are not much reactive as of carboxylic acids. They are also stable relatively in aqueous solution. But under strenuous conditions amides undergo hydrolysis. The conditions are presence of acid, base or enzymes.
Acidic hydrolysis of amides gives the product as carboxylic acid and amine salt. Amine salt is obtained because in acidic conditions the amine is converted into amine salt.
Basic hydrolysis of amides gives the product as carboxylic acid salt and amine. Carboxylic acid salt is obtained because in basic conditions the carboxylic acid is converted into carboxylic acid salt.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 17 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- draw disaccharide as Haworth projection: (shown in image) -is this drawing a reducing sugar? Briefly explainarrow_forwardTrehalose, also known as mycose, is a disaccharide found in certain mushrooms. It is composed of two a-D-glucose linked in a aa(1à1) glycosidic bond. Using Haworth projection, draw the structure of trehalose. Indicate whether it is reducing or non-reducing.arrow_forwardMatch the following structural composition of each polysaccharide with its identity Linear homoglycan of glucose connected by α1-4 linkages Linear sulfated chains of alternating β-D-galactopyranose and 3,6-anhydro- α-galactopyranosyl units Poly-β-Dmannopyranosyluronic acid and/or Poly-α-L-gulopyranosyluronic acid Repeating Poly-D-galacturonic acid residues deacetylated straight-chain amino-polysaccharide polymer linked in a β(1-4) type of linkage a. Alginate b. amylose c. chitosan d. carrageenan e. Pectinarrow_forward
- If thymine nucleotides are degraded by the same enzymes as those catabolizing uridine nucleotides, give the structure of the thymine metabolite that corresponds to B-ureidopropionate.arrow_forwardIn the monosaccharide derivatives known as sugar alcohols, the carbonyl oxygen is reduced to a hydroxyl group. For example, D-glyceraldehyde can be reduced to glycerol. However, this sugar alcohol is no longer designated D or L. Why?arrow_forwardGlutathione is a commonly occurring tripeptide; it has considerable physiological importance because it is a scavenger for oxidizing agents. gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine. Draw the structure of Glutathione and explain why the systematic name of Glutathione is such.arrow_forward
- Explain why the indole nitrogen of tryptophan is more weakly basic than one of the imidazole nitrogens of histidine What is the relationship between (R)-cysteine and (S)-alanine Do they have the opposite three-dimensional configuration (as the names might suggest) or the same configuration? Is (R)-cysteine a D-amino acid or an L-amino acid?arrow_forwardAspartame (NutraSweet), an artificial sweetener, is a dipeptide composed of Asp-Phe in which the carboxyl terminus is modified by the attachment of a methyl group. Draw the structure of Aspartame at pH 7.arrow_forwardWith the aid of the simple generic diagram, identify and explain how the type of chemical bonding stabilizes a secondary structure present in 3GRS (glutathione reductase).arrow_forward
- Draw the structure of the PTH derivative product you would obtain by Edman degradation of the following peptides: (a) I-L-P-F (b) D-T-S-G-Aarrow_forwardFollowing are Fischer projections for a group of five-carbon sugars, all of which are aldopentoses. Identify the pairs that are enantiomers and the pairs that are epimers. (The sugars shown here are not all of the possible five-carbon sugars.) 1 СНО 2 СНО СНО Н-С—ОН Н-С—ОН Н—С—ОН Н-С—ОН НО —С—Н Н-С—ОН Н- С—ОН НО—С— Н НО—С—Н CH̟OH CH̟OH ČH̟OH в iоchemistry |61 STATE ATION Republic of the Philippines Romblon State University Romblan, Philippines 4 СНО 5 СНО 6 СНО НО—С—Н Н-С—ОН НО -С—Н Н—С—ОН НО -С—Н НО -С—Н H-C–OH Н-С—ОН НО—С—Н CH,OH ČH,OH CH,OHarrow_forwardA novel sugar "D-Lasallose' was isolated from a native edible mountain mushroom by a group of DLSU-D Biochemistry researchers under Sir Gids. Given the Fischer projection structure of D-Lasallose below,show the systematic conversion into the equivalent Haworth structures and give the systematic names of both anomers.arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education