Chapter 16, Problem 83AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Effect of increase in concentration of ${\text{HCHO}}_2$ in below reaction has to be determined.

  ${\text{HCHO}}_2\left(g\right)\rightleftharpoons \text{CO}\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(g\right)$

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier’s principle states that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions. this principle follows certain conditions that are as follows:

1 With increase in concentration of reactants the reaction moves towards forward direction thus this increases the concentration of products. Whereas with increase in concentration of product reaction shifts towards reverse direction. This increases the concentration of reactants.

2 Change in volume affects rate of reaction only for the gaseous molecules. With increase in volume pressure decreases and equilibrium shifts towards left side to favor reactants. Whereas decrease in volume equilibrium shifts towards that side that has less number of moles of gaseous atoms to reduce the affect.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Effect of increase in concentration of $\text{CO}$ in below reaction has to be determined.

  ${\text{HCHO}}_2\left(g\right)\rightleftharpoons \text{CO}\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(g\right)$

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Effect of decrease in concentration of ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(g\right)$ in below reaction has to be determined.

  ${\text{HCHO}}_2\left(g\right)\rightleftharpoons \text{CO}\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(g\right)$

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Effect of decrease in volume of reaction vessel in below reaction has to be determined.

  ${\text{HCHO}}_2\left(g\right)\rightleftharpoons \text{CO}\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(g\right)$

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).