Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 5FIB
Competition is most Intense between members of a(n) _________. Predators and their prey act as agents of ________ on one another, resulting in a form of evolution called ________. This results in the evolution of characteristics called ________ that help both predators and their prey survive and reproduce.
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Which of the following best explains the connection between increased competition and the evolution of a species by natural selection?
Individuals migrate to another area in order to avoid competition for limited resources in the current ecosystem.
Individuals that have traits that allow them to outcompete others survive better and produce more offspring.
Individuals must become stronger to compete for resources, and this increased strength is passed on to the next generation.
Individuals that must compete for limited resources are more likely to have diseases that cause mutations.
Organisms that interact serve as agents of _________on one another. This results in___________ , which is the process by which species evolve adaptations to one another.
In a population of amphipods(small aquatic crustaceans), individual choose mates that have similar body size to themselves. This viloates the assumption of ______________ because an evolutionary mechanism, __________________, is operating in the population. ( name the relevant Hardy-Weinberg assumption and the evolutionary mechanism)
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 16.1 - define evolution in terms of concepts from...Ch. 16.1 - define equilibrium population and describe the...Ch. 16.2 - Evolution of a Menace The mutant alleles that...Ch. 16.2 - describe how mutation, gene flow, genetic drift,...Ch. 16.2 - A flu vaccination stimulates your immune system to...Ch. 16.2 - If it were true that mutations do occur in...Ch. 16.2 - Explain how the distribution of genotypes in...Ch. 16.2 - If a population grows large again after a...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 4TCCh. 16.3 - describe why selection of phenotypes can affect...
Ch. 16.3 - A team of phys clans treated four patients with...Ch. 16.3 - If we studied a population of bighorn sheep and...Ch. 16.3 - explain how competition and predation influence...Ch. 16.3 - When selection is directional, is there any limit...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 16.3 - Microbiologists have discovered that alleles...Ch. 16.3 - compare and contrast directional selection,...Ch. 16 - In North America, the average height of adult...Ch. 16 - The ______ provides a simple mathematical model...Ch. 16 - The alleles responsible for antibiotic resistance...Ch. 16 - What is a gene pool? How would you determine the...Ch. 16 - By the 1940s, the whooping crane population had...Ch. 16 - Different versions of the same gene are called...Ch. 16 - Stabilizing selection on a trait tends to a. make...Ch. 16 - Define equilibrium population. Outline the...Ch. 16 - An organisms ______ refers to the specific alleles...Ch. 16 - An adaptation is a. any trait that arises from a...Ch. 16 - How does population size affect the likelihood of...Ch. 16 - A random form of evolution is called ________....Ch. 16 - Which of the following statements about mutations...Ch. 16 - If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene...Ch. 16 - Competition is most Intense between members of...Ch. 16 - Genetic drift occurs a. when different phenotypes...Ch. 16 - People like to say that you cant prove a negative....Ch. 16 - The evolutionary fitness of an organism is...Ch. 16 - Describe the three ways in which natural selection...Ch. 16 - What is sexual selection? How is sexual selection...
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- Match the following scenarios with the best term. You will probably need to look this stuff up in your book. ____ Often a result of competition. ____ Short horns are favored by natural selection; long horns are favored by mates. ____ After the industrial revolution, dark moths blend in better with soot-covered tree trunks. ____ Large insects are hard to eat; small insects can hide from predators. ____ Longer legs in cheetahs allow them to run faster. 1. Stabilizing selection 2. Directional selection 3. Disruptive selectionarrow_forwardImage Source: Leigh Torres, Oregon State University Every year, gray whales migrate from feeding grounds in the Gulf of Alaska to breeding grounds off the coast of Mexico. Marine biologists are especially interested in monitoring the population of 'resident' gray whales off the Oregon Coast who skip this journey and instead spend much of the time in cooler waters. Whales have distinct markings on their flukes (i.e. tails) that can be used to identify individuals. Researchers catalog 23 unique flukes during the first week of May. During June, they resample the same area and find 39 total whales, of which 5 were already cataloged. Using the mark-recapture method, how many resident whales make up this resident population? Record your answer to the nearest whole number.arrow_forwardA niche is loosely defined as an organism's role in its environment, which can include factors like, feeding preference, nesting behaviors, mating behaviors, method of obtaining prey, and local habitats. Considering Gause's law, conduct research on the California Red Legged Frog and the Northern Pacific TreeFrog (use wiki or other google search). Create a chart that compares the two with regard to their niche or their lifestyle that may explain how these two native frogs have evolved to coexist in the same ecosystem. Northern Pacific TreeFrog California Red Legged Frogarrow_forward
- The process in which populations accumulate adaptations over time to become more suited to their environments is called ____________ . It is considered the unifying concept of ____________ , which is the study of life.arrow_forwardScenario: Natural selection is a process by which organisms with favorable traits produce more successful offspring than organisms with less favorable traits, causing the favorable traits to become more common in the population. In the southern United States, two different tree frog species, green tree frogs and gray tree frogs, are an example of this. They both live in some of the same parts of the country and eat the same things. They both also live off of the ground and lay eggs in water. Can you write a scientific explanation that explains why the tree frog species are different colors? Claim: Evidence: Reasoning:arrow_forwardAccording to Darwin's theory of natural selection, how do organisms adapt in a given environment? Group of answer choices choices made by plant and animal breeders possession of adaptations developed through use possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness lack of competition within the speciesarrow_forward
- A niche is loosely defined as an organism's role in its environment, which can include factors such as feeding preference, nesting behaviors, mating behaviors, method of obtaining prey, and local habitats. Keeping Gause's law in mind, do some research on the California red-legged frog and the North Pacific tree frog (use wiki or another Google search). Create a chart comparing the two with respect to their niche or lifestyle that can explain how these two frogs can co-exist in the same ecosystem.arrow_forwardon the african savanna warthogs regularly visit a group of banded mongooses. the warthog lies down and the banded mongooses pick off parasites and bugs off of the warthog. the end result is the band mongooses get a free meal and the warthog gets cleaned. what kind of species interaction is this and why?arrow_forwardBased on Darwin's ideas of descent with modification and natural selection, observation would best support the idea increased competition causes changes in a species ? A population of rattlesnake goes extinct as the water resources in their environment dry up during an extreme, prolonged drought A population of frogs develop greener skin after a hurricane blows away the white flowers the environment A population of artic foxes develop a brown fur color as warmer temperatures reduce the number of days of snowfall in the area A population deer show an increase in antler size over time, which allows them to obtain more mates during mating seasonarrow_forward
- an african leopard chases a wildebeest and catches the antelope. the chase attracts the attention of a pride of lions. as the leopard tries to kill the wildebeest the lions try to take advantage by charging the leopard. the leopard climbs a tree to gain safety. the lions catch the injured wildebeest and eat it. what kind of species interaction is this and why?arrow_forwardMost organisms' niches are controlled by Genetic trait for adaptive characteristics Luck Behavior learned from others in their social groups Lessons learned from parents The predators and competitors they encounterarrow_forwardImagine your anthropology professor studies a primate that eats insects. The primate's favorite food is a type of ant. She asks if you are interested in helping her analyze the data. You, of course, say yes! Your professor tells you more about the ants, the primates, and the habitat. Ant color is determined by one gene. There are two alleles for this color gene: the brown allele and the green allele. The primates eat the ants year-round, but your professor knows that the way they eat the ants differs between the rainy season and the dry season. During the rainy season, when there are green leaves on the trees, the primates eat the ants off the green leaves. During the dry season, when the trees lose their leaves, the primates eat the ants off the brown tree branches. Your professor has collected data to investigate if the primate acts as a selective pressure on the ant population, possibly changing the allele frequencies over time.arrow_forward
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