Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 16, Problem 38E
Raymond Davis Jr.’s neutrino detector contained approximately 1030 chlorine atoms. During his experiment, he found that one neutrino reacted with a chlorine atom to produce one argon atom each day.
A. How many days would he have to run the experiment for 1% of his tank to be filled with argon atoms?
B. Convert your answer from A. into years.
C. Compare this answer to the age of the universe, which is approximately 14 billion years
D. What does this tell you about how frequently neutrinos interact with matter?
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Part A
Some atomic masses
Particle
Symbol
Mass (u)
Electron
e
0.00055
Part B
Proton
1.00728
Neutron
1.00866
Part C
Hydrogen
1.00783
Helium
4He
4.00260
Part D
Part E
Part F
Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of the helium nucleus He.
Express your answer in megaelectron volts to two significant figures.
?
MeV
Part A
Some atomic masses
Particle
Symbol
Mass (u)
Electron
e
0.00055
Part B
Proton
р
1.00728
Neutron
n
1.00866
Part C
Hydrogen
'H
1.00783
Helium
4He
4.00260
Part D
Calculate the mass defect of the helium nucleus He. The mass of neutral He is given by MHe = 4.002603 u.
Express your answer in atomic mass units to three significant figures.
· View Available Hint(s)
?
u
The barium isotope 131 Ba has a half-life of 12 days. A
210 µg sample of 131 Ba is prepared.
Part A
What is the mass of 131 Ba after 1 day?
Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
μΑ
?
Value
mug
m =
Chapter 16 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 16 - How do we know the age of the Sun?Ch. 16 - Explain how we know that the Sun’s energy is not...Ch. 16 - What is the ultimate source of energy that makes...Ch. 16 - What are the formulas for the three steps in the...Ch. 16 - How is a neutrino different from a neutron? List...Ch. 16 - Describe in your own words what is meant by the...Ch. 16 - Two astronomy students travel to South Dakota. One...Ch. 16 - What do measurements of the number of neutrinos...Ch. 16 - Do neutrinos have mass? Describe how the answer to...Ch. 16 - Neutrinos produced in the core of the Sun carry...
Ch. 16 - What conditions are required before proton-proton...Ch. 16 - Describe the two main ways that energy travels...Ch. 16 - Someone suggests that astronomers build a special...Ch. 16 - Earth contains radioactive elements whose decay...Ch. 16 - The Sun is much larger and more massive than...Ch. 16 - A friend who has not had the benefit of an...Ch. 16 - Which of the following transformations is (are)...Ch. 16 - Why is a higher temperature required to fuse...Ch. 16 - Earth’s atmosphere is in hydrostatic equilibrium....Ch. 16 - Explain what it means when we say that Earth’s...Ch. 16 - What mechanism transfers heat away from the...Ch. 16 - Suppose you are standing a few feet away from a...Ch. 16 - Give some everyday examples of the transport of...Ch. 16 - Suppose the proton-proton cycle in the Sun were to...Ch. 16 - Do you think that nuclear fusion takes place in...Ch. 16 - Why is fission not an important energy source in...Ch. 16 - Why do you suppose so great a fraction of the...Ch. 16 - Explain how mathematical computer models allow us...Ch. 16 - Estimate the amount of mass that is converted to...Ch. 16 - How much energy is released when a proton combines...Ch. 16 - The Sun converts 4109 kg of mass to energy every...Ch. 16 - Assume that the mass of the Sun is 75% hydrogen...Ch. 16 - In fact, the conversion of mass to energy in the...Ch. 16 - Now suppose that all of the hydrogen atoms in the...Ch. 16 - Models of the Sun indicate that only about 10% of...Ch. 16 - Show that the statement in the text is correct:...Ch. 16 - Every second, the Sun converts 4 million tons of...Ch. 16 - Raymond Davis Jr.’s neutrino detector contained...
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