Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 21E
What mechanism transfers heat away from the surface of the Moon? If the Moon is losing energy in this way, why does it not simply become colder and colder?
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In a warm room a naked resting person has a skin temperature of 33°C if
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The average temperature of the atmosphere has increased by 0.4°C over the last thirty years. Estimate how much energy has gone into warming up the planet in this way. Keep in mind that the atmosphere has a mass of 5 × 1018kg, and the specific heat capacity of air is about 1 Jg−1K−1.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 16 - How do we know the age of the Sun?Ch. 16 - Explain how we know that the Sun’s energy is not...Ch. 16 - What is the ultimate source of energy that makes...Ch. 16 - What are the formulas for the three steps in the...Ch. 16 - How is a neutrino different from a neutron? List...Ch. 16 - Describe in your own words what is meant by the...Ch. 16 - Two astronomy students travel to South Dakota. One...Ch. 16 - What do measurements of the number of neutrinos...Ch. 16 - Do neutrinos have mass? Describe how the answer to...Ch. 16 - Neutrinos produced in the core of the Sun carry...
Ch. 16 - What conditions are required before proton-proton...Ch. 16 - Describe the two main ways that energy travels...Ch. 16 - Someone suggests that astronomers build a special...Ch. 16 - Earth contains radioactive elements whose decay...Ch. 16 - The Sun is much larger and more massive than...Ch. 16 - A friend who has not had the benefit of an...Ch. 16 - Which of the following transformations is (are)...Ch. 16 - Why is a higher temperature required to fuse...Ch. 16 - Earth’s atmosphere is in hydrostatic equilibrium....Ch. 16 - Explain what it means when we say that Earth’s...Ch. 16 - What mechanism transfers heat away from the...Ch. 16 - Suppose you are standing a few feet away from a...Ch. 16 - Give some everyday examples of the transport of...Ch. 16 - Suppose the proton-proton cycle in the Sun were to...Ch. 16 - Do you think that nuclear fusion takes place in...Ch. 16 - Why is fission not an important energy source in...Ch. 16 - Why do you suppose so great a fraction of the...Ch. 16 - Explain how mathematical computer models allow us...Ch. 16 - Estimate the amount of mass that is converted to...Ch. 16 - How much energy is released when a proton combines...Ch. 16 - The Sun converts 4109 kg of mass to energy every...Ch. 16 - Assume that the mass of the Sun is 75% hydrogen...Ch. 16 - In fact, the conversion of mass to energy in the...Ch. 16 - Now suppose that all of the hydrogen atoms in the...Ch. 16 - Models of the Sun indicate that only about 10% of...Ch. 16 - Show that the statement in the text is correct:...Ch. 16 - Every second, the Sun converts 4 million tons of...Ch. 16 - Raymond Davis Jr.’s neutrino detector contained...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The sun doesn't shine as brightly in winter as it does in summer. This means that in winter you won't generate enough to fulfil your energy needs whilst you have a surplus of energy in summer. It is therefore necessary to place a battery in your house to store the extra energy. If we assume that we generate 66% of our total energy in the months April to September and that we use equal amounts of energy throughout the year. Question: How much electricity must we store over these 6 months to use in the other half of the year? Give your answer in 3 significant figures (link). Remember we use 2990 kWh of electricity per year. Write down your answer as you need it for the next question Solution: kWharrow_forwardHovering over the surface of our skin is a layer of air some 3 millimeters in thickness that acts as a thermal blanket. On a hot day, what effect does a breeze on bare skin have on your skin? What effect does it have on a cold day?arrow_forwardSuppose that a planet with no atmosphere orbits a Sunlike star at the same radius as the Earth’s orbit and keeps the same face toward the sun at all times. The planet reflects 40% of the light falling on it, and the average temperature on the facing surface is nearly uniform and 185 K larger than the nearly uniform temperature on its back surface. What is the planet’s average temperature? The planet's average planetary temperature is _______ K.arrow_forward
- Q6/ A spherical tank, 1 m in diameter, is maintained at a temperature of 120 C and exposed to a convection environment. With h=25W/m2.•C and To =15 C, what thickness of urethane foam should be added to ensure that the outer temperature of the insulation does not exceed 40 C? What percentage reduction in heat loss results from installing this insulation?arrow_forwardConsider a sphere and a cylinder of equal volume made of copper. Both the sphere and the cylinder are initially at the same temperature and are exposed to convection in the same environment. Which do you think will cool faster, the cylinder or the sphere? Why?arrow_forwardIn a warm room a naked resting person has a skin temperature of 33k°if the room temperature is 29co,what is the body surface area if the rate of heart loss due to convection is 43 watt and the convection const.(7.1watt/m?. k°) 1.8 m2 1.6 m2 1.7 m2 1.5 m?arrow_forward
- if you are wearing clothes to prevent heat from escaping your body in the winter, how do you explain wearing more clothes in the summer so that you prevent heat from entering your body?arrow_forwardWhy do you feel uncomfortably warm on a hot and humid day?arrow_forwardHow much time does the Sun need to melt a 10 cm thick layer of ice at temperature of 0.0°C? Note that 95% of the solar energy is reflected by the ice.arrow_forward
- How is the distance from the sun for planets in our solar system related to the mean temperature of each planet? To find out, a scatterplot that relates the natural log of the distance of each planet (including Pluto) from the sun in millions of miles and the natural log of the mean planetary temperature in Kelvin was created. In(Temperature) vs. In(Distance) 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4 4 6 7 8. In(Distance) Predictor Coef 7.9009 SE Coef P Conatant 0.4381 18.03 0.000 In Distance -0.4536 0.0706 -6.42 0.004 s = 0.3446 R-Sq = 85.5 R-8q (adj) = 83.2% Based on the scatterplot and computer output, a reasonable estimate of mean temperature in Kelvin for Saturn, which is 886.7 million miles away from the sun is: O 4.822 degrees Kelvin because ý = -0.4536(In 886.7) + 7.9009 = 4.822. O 124.2 degrees Kelvin because in y = -0,4536(in 886,7) + 7.9009 =4,822 and e4.822 = 124.2. O 709.0 degrees Kelvin because In y = - 0.4536(log 886.7) + 7.9009 =6.564 and e6.564 = 709.0. O…arrow_forward1arrow_forwardThe Earth is not in thermal equilibrium with sun, Why?arrow_forward
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