College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321879721
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 33P
The first formant of your vocal system can be modeled as the resonance of an open-closed tube, the closed end being your vocal cords and the open end your lips. Estimate the frequency of the first formant from the graph of Figure 16.23, and then estimate the length of the tube of which this is a resonance. Does your result seem reasonable?
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A violin string ? = 31.6 cm long and ? = 0.65 g⁄m linear mass density is tuned to play a La4 note at 440.0 Hz. This means that the string is at its fundamental oscillation mode, that is, you will be on that note without placing a finger on it. From this information:
A. Calculate the tension in the string that keeps it in tune.
A violin string ? = 31.6 cm long and ? = 0.65 g⁄m linear mass density is tuned to play a La4 note at 440.0 Hz. This means that the string is at its fundamental oscillation mode, that is, you will be on that note without placing a finger on it. From this information:
B. If the midpoint of the chord is displaced 1.80 mm transversely when found in the fundamental mode, what is the maximum speed ??á? of the midpoint of string?
Chapter 16, Problem 069
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Chapter 16 Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 16 - Light can pass easily through water and through...Ch. 16 - Ocean waves are partially reflected from the...Ch. 16 - A string has an abrupt change in linear density at...Ch. 16 - A guitarist finds that the pitch of one of her...Ch. 16 - Certain illnesses inflame your vocal cords,...Ch. 16 - Figure Q16.6 shows a standing wave on a string...Ch. 16 - Figure Q16.7 shows a standing sound wave in a tube...Ch. 16 - A typical flute is about 66 cm long. A piccolo is...Ch. 16 - Some pipes on a pipe organ are open at both ends,...Ch. 16 - A friends voice sounds different over the...
Ch. 16 - Suppose you were to play a trumpet after breathing...Ch. 16 - If you pour liquid in a tall, narrow glass, you...Ch. 16 - When you speak after breathing helium, in which...Ch. 16 - Sopranos can sing notes at very high...Ch. 16 - A synthesizer is a keyboard instrument that can be...Ch. 16 - If a cold gives you a stuffed-up nose, it changes...Ch. 16 - A small boy and a grown woman both speak at...Ch. 16 - At x = 3 cm, what is the earliest time that y will...Ch. 16 - Two sinusoidal waves with the same amplitude A and...Ch. 16 - A student in her physics lab measures the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 23MCQCh. 16 - Resonances of the ear canal lead to increased...Ch. 16 - The frequency of the lowest standing-wave mode on...Ch. 16 - Suppose you pluck a string on a guitar and it...Ch. 16 - Figure P16.11 is a snapshot graph at t = 0 s of...Ch. 16 - Figure P16.2 is a snapshot graph at t = 0 s of two...Ch. 16 - Figure P16.3a is a snapshot graph at t = 0 s of...Ch. 16 - Figure P16.4 is a snapshot graph at t = 0 s of two...Ch. 16 - Figure P16.4 is a snapshot graph at t = 0 s of two...Ch. 16 - Figure P16.6 is a snapshot graph at t = 0 s of a...Ch. 16 - At t = 0 s, a small upward (positive y) pulse...Ch. 16 - You are holding one end of an elastic cord that is...Ch. 16 - A 2.0-m-long string is fixed at both ends and...Ch. 16 - Figure P16.10 shows a standing wave oscillating at...Ch. 16 - A bass guitar string is 89 cm long with a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12PCh. 16 - a. What are the three longest wavelengths for...Ch. 16 - A 121-cm-long, 4.00 g string oscillates in its m =...Ch. 16 - Prob. 15PCh. 16 - A violin string has a standard length of 32.8 cm....Ch. 16 - The lowest note on a grand piano has a frequency...Ch. 16 - An experimenter finds that standing waves on a...Ch. 16 - Ocean waves of wavelength 26 m are moving directly...Ch. 16 - Prob. 20PCh. 16 - The contrabassoon is the wind instrument capable...Ch. 16 - Figure P16.22 shows a standing sound wave in an...Ch. 16 - Prob. 23PCh. 16 - An organ pipe is made to play a low note at 27.5...Ch. 16 - The speed of sound in room temperature (20C) air...Ch. 16 - Parasaurolophus was a dinosaur whose...Ch. 16 - A drainage pipe running under a freeway is 30.0 m...Ch. 16 - Some pipe organs create sounds lower than humans...Ch. 16 - Although the vocal tract is quite complicated, we...Ch. 16 - You know that you sound better when you sing in...Ch. 16 - A child has an ear canal that is 1.3 cm long. At...Ch. 16 - When a sound wave travels directly toward a hard...Ch. 16 - The first formant of your vocal system can be...Ch. 16 - When you voice the vowel sound in hat, you narrow...Ch. 16 - The first and second formants when you make an ee...Ch. 16 - Two loudspeakers in a 20C room emit 686 Hz sound...Ch. 16 - Two loudspeakers emit sound waves along the...Ch. 16 - In noisy factory environments, its possible to use...Ch. 16 - Two identical loudspeakers separated by distance d...Ch. 16 - Two identical loudspeakers 2.0 m apart are...Ch. 16 - Prob. 42PCh. 16 - Musicians can use beats to tune their instruments....Ch. 16 - A student waiting at a stoplight notices that her...Ch. 16 - Two strings are adjusted to vibrate at exactly 200...Ch. 16 - A childs train whistle replicates a classic...Ch. 16 - A flute player hears four beats per second when...Ch. 16 - Prob. 48GPCh. 16 - In addition to producing images, ultrasound can be...Ch. 16 - An 80-cm-long steel string with a linear density...Ch. 16 - Tendons are, essentially, elastic cords stretched...Ch. 16 - A string, stretched between two fixed posts, forms...Ch. 16 - Spiders may tune strands of their webs to give...Ch. 16 - Prob. 54GPCh. 16 - Prob. 55GPCh. 16 - Lake Erie is prone to remarkable seichesstanding...Ch. 16 - Prob. 57GPCh. 16 - Prob. 58GPCh. 16 - A 40-cm-long tube has a 40-cm-long insert that can...Ch. 16 - The width of a particular microwave oven is...Ch. 16 - Two loudspeakers located along the x-axis as shown...Ch. 16 - Two loudspeakers 42.0 m apart and facing each...Ch. 16 - You are standing 2.50 m directly in front of one...Ch. 16 - Two loudspeakers, 4.0 m apart and facing each...Ch. 16 - Piano tuners tune pianos by listening to the beats...Ch. 16 - A flutist assembles her flute in a room where the...Ch. 16 - A Doppler blood flowmeter emits ultrasound at a...Ch. 16 - An ultrasound unit is being used to measure a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 70MSPPCh. 16 - Prob. 71MSPPCh. 16 - Prob. 72MSPPCh. 16 - Prob. 73MSPP
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- A dinosaur called Parasaurolophus is a dinosaur (looks like a dinosaur with a single horn) thathas a hollow horn crest on its head. The 1.5 m long hollow tub inside of this crest hadconnections to the throat, leading some paleontologists to guess that the tube was used as aresonant chamber in vocalization. If you model this system as an open-closed system, what arethe first three resonant frequencies at 85 degrees F?arrow_forwardWhen you blow over the edge of a pan flute pipe, a certain tone is produced. Assume that the tube is cylindrical, open at the top and closed at the bottom. Construct a mathematical model to derive the length required to produce a vocal frequency for la at 440 Hz if the note follows an axisymmetric wave. The speed of sound at room temperature is 340 m/s.arrow_forwardA guitar string has a pluckable length of 42 cm. What is the length of the 5th harmonic?arrow_forward
- A violin string ? = 31.6 cm long and ? = 0.65 g⁄m linear mass density is tuned to play a La4 note at 440.0 Hz. This means that the string is at its fundamental oscillation mode, that is, you will be on that note without placing a finger on it. From this information: C. If we compare the current La4 note of 440.0 Hz with the La4 note of 422.5 Hz from Handel's time, By what percentage should the tension of the violin string vary with respect to the current to tune the note to 422.5 Hz?arrow_forwardPlease answer it within 30 minutes. I will upvote! Problem: When you blow over the edge of a pan flute pipe, a certain tone is produced. Assume that the tube is cylindrical, open at the top and closed at the bottom. Construct a mathematical model to derive the length required to produce a vocal frequency for la at 440 Hz if the note follows an axisymmetric wave. The speed of sound at room temperature is 340 m/s.arrow_forwardPlease show all the steps and the equation required in each case. arrow_forward
- Problem 1 In pipe A, the ratio of a particular harmonic frequency to the next lower harmonic frequency is 1.2. In pipe B, the ratio of a particular harmonic frequency to the next lower harmonic frequency is 1.4. How many open ends are in pipe A and pipe В?arrow_forwardA flute is a 66.0 cm pipe that is open at both ends. What are the first three harmonics when all keys are closed if the speed of sound is 340 m/s?arrow_forwardQ#3:Why the noisepollution is considered a serious occupational health hazard.How can we prevent and control noise pollution in the workplace.What are the measurement units of noise? How can we measure the sound pressure level of the noise generated by a machine?arrow_forward
- A violin string of length L=31.8 cm and linear mass density u=0.64gm/is tuned to play an A4 note at 440.0 Hz. This means that the string is in its mode of oscillation fundamental, that is, it will be on that note without placing any fingers on it. From this information, D. When playing the violin, different notes can be produced depending on the position of the fingers of one hand on the string. The usual technique presses the string hard against the fretboard, reducing the length of the string that can vibrate. If we consider this string initially tuned for an A4, and a finger is placed a third of the way down from the headstock: What would be the new fundamental frequency, that is, the frequency of the new note that is being produced assuming it has the same tension as in part A? ii. i. What would be the new frequency of the note, if instead of using the technique described above for violin playing, the technique called artificial harmonic is used, where the string is only partially…arrow_forwardTwo strings, A and B, have respective mass densities A and py respectively. The linear mass density, Hp. of string-B is nine times that of string-A (H = 9). If both strings have the same fundamental frequency when kept at the same tension, then the ratio of their lengths L/LA is equal to: O 1/3 1/9 O 3 9.arrow_forwardSound is detected when a sound wave causes the tympanic membrane (the ear drum) to vibrate. Typically, the diameter of this membrane is about 8.4 mm in humans. A) how much energy is delivered to the eardrum each second when someone whispers (20 dB) into your ear? B) to comprehend how sensitive the ear is to very small amounts of energy, calculate how fast a typical 2.0 mg mosquito would have to fly (in mm/s) to have this amount of kinetic energy.arrow_forward
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