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(a)
Interpretation:
The substance between
Concept Introduction:
The term entropy is used to represent the randomness in a system. When a system moves from an ordered arrangement to a less order arrangement, then the entropy of the system increases. The second law of
(b)
Interpretation:
The substance between
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
The substance between
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
- Which contains greater entropy, a quantity of frozen benzene or the same quantity of liquid benzene at the same temperature? Explain in terms of the dispersal of energy in the substance.arrow_forwardCalculate H and G for the following reactions at 25C, using thermodynamic data from Appendix C; interpret the signs of H and G. a Al2O3(s)+2Fe(s)Fe2O3(s)+2Al(s) b COCl2(g)+H2O(l)CO2(g)+2HCl(g)arrow_forwardConsider the decomposition of red mercury(II) oxide under standard state conditions.. 2HgO(s,red)2Hg(l)+O2(g) (a) Is the decomposition spontaneous under standard state conditions? (b) Above what temperature does the reaction become spontaneous?arrow_forward
- Consider the reaction of 2 mol H2(g) at 25C and 1 atm with 1 mol O2(g) at the same temperature and pressure to produce liquid water at these conditions. If this reaction is run in a controlled way to generate work, what is the maximum useful work that can be obtained? How much entropy is produced in this case?arrow_forwardWhen solid sodium acetate crystallizes from a supersaturated solution, can you accurately predict the sign of H for the crystallization? Why or why not?arrow_forwardCalculate the standard entropy change for the reaction CO2(g)+2H2O(l)CH4(g)+2O2(g) . What does the sign of S say about the spontaneity of this reaction?arrow_forward
- Determine the entropy change for the combustion of gaseous propane, C3H8, under the standard conditions to give gaseous carbon dioxide and water.arrow_forwardGiven the following illustration, what can be said about the sign of S for the process of solid NaCl dissolving in water? What can be said about H for this process?arrow_forwardConsider the reaction of 1 mol H2(g) at 25C and 1 atm with 1 mol Br2(l) at the same temperature and pressure to produce gaseous HBr at these conditions. If this reaction is run in a controlled way to generate work, what is the maximum useful work that can be obtained? How much entropy is produced in this case?arrow_forward
- Define the following: a. spontaneous process b. entropy c. positional probability d. system e. surroundings f. universearrow_forwardDescribe the energy and entropy changes that occur in the following processes, and indicate whether the processes are spontaneous under the conditions stated: a.Lumber becomes a house b.A seed grows into a tree. c.On a hot day, water evaporates from a lake.arrow_forwardThe free energy for a reaction decreases as temperature increases. Explain how this observation is used to determine the sign of either H or S.arrow_forward
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