Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 1AQ

Enteric bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and propionic acid bacteria have distinctive metabolic traits that can be used to characterize and identify these organisms. Describe the metabolic characteristics of these organisms, name a genus that belongs to each group, and indicate in what way these organisms can be differentiated.

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Summary Introduction

To describe:

The metabolic characteristics of enteric bacteria, propionic acid bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria, name a genus that belongs to each group, and indicate by what means these organisms can be distinguished.

Concept introduction:

The order Lactobacillales comprised of fermentative organisms such as lactic acid bacteria. The lactic acid bacteria generate lactic acid as the end-product after the fermentation process. Enteric acid bacteria are bacteria usually resides in the intestine of humans and animals. The enteric bacteria play an important role in digestion of their hosts. The propionic acid bacteria reside in the sweat glands of the human and it is also present in the stomach of the ruminants.

Explanation of Solution

Enteric bacteria, for example species of Escherichia are facultative anaerobes. They inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of humans and warm-blooded animals, where they characteristically grow chemoorganotrophically by means of fermentation. They live in a wide range of substrates. Under anaerobic conditions they use mixed-acid fermentation generating succinate, acetate, ethanol, and lactate. 

Lactic acid bacteria, for example species of Lactobacillus are aerotolerant, anaerobes. During fermentative metabolism, they yield lactate as the major product, in which energy is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation. The lactic acid bacteria have restricted biosynthetic abilities and characteristically have complex nutritional necessities such as amino acids, vitamins, purines, and pyrimidines.

Propionic acid bacteria are fermentative bacteria, for example species of Propionibacterium. They commonly establish in the sweat glands of humans and the stomachs of ruminants. The propionic acid bacteria generate acetic acid, propionic acid, and Co2 as products of anaerobic metabolism. Lactate is the major substrate for propionic acid bacteria, which is already a fermentation product. Therefore, propionic acid bacteria carry out secondary fermentation by fermenting the previous product of fermentation.

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Chapter 16 Solutions

Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)

Ch. 16.4 - What major characteristic could be used to...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16.5 - What four metabolic traits are most common in...Ch. 16.5 - Why is Wolinella physiologically unusual among the...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 16.6 - How can Streptococcus pyogenes be distinguished...Ch. 16.6 - What is the difference between homofermentative...Ch. 16.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 16.7 - What characteristics differentiate Sarcina from...Ch. 16.7 - What characteristics of Listeria make it a...Ch. 16.8 - What is the major physiological distinction...Ch. 16.8 - What is the crystalline protein made by Bacillus...Ch. 16.8 - What is a good strategy for isolating...Ch. 16.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 16.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 16.9 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16.10 - What is snapping division and what organism...Ch. 16.10 - What organism is involved in the production of...Ch. 16.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16.11 - What is mycolic acid, and what properties does...Ch. 16.11 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 16.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 16.12 - How are the spares of streptomycetes different...Ch. 16.13 - Prob. 1MQCh. 16.13 - What species of Bacteroidetes is most abundant in...Ch. 16.14 - Describe a method for isolating Cytophaga species...Ch. 16.14 - Prob. 2MQCh. 16.14 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16.15 - How are Chlamydia and Mycoplasma (Section 16.9)...Ch. 16.15 - Prob. 2MQCh. 16.15 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16.16 - Prob. 1MQCh. 16.16 - Prob. 2MQCh. 16.16 - What are two types of intracellular compartments...Ch. 16.17 - Prob. 1MQCh. 16.17 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16.18 - What is unique about the genome of Thermotoga and...Ch. 16.18 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16.19 - Prob. 1MQCh. 16.19 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16.20 - Describe a commercial application of Thermus...Ch. 16.20 - Describe an unusual biological feature of...Ch. 16.20 - What are some of the remarkable properties that...Ch. 16.21 - Prob. 1MQCh. 16.21 - Prob. 2MQCh. 16.21 - Prob. 3MQCh. 16.21 - Prob. 1CRCh. 16 - Enteric bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and...Ch. 16 - Microorganisms can have a variety of different...
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