Chapter 16, Problem 16.51QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The concentrations of ${\text{HSO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{-}},{\text{SO}}_4{}^{2-}\text{and}{\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ ions in a 0.20 M ${\text{KHSO}}_{\text{4}}$ solution has to be calculated.

Concept Information:

Acid ionization constant ${\text{K}}_{\text{a}}$:

Acids ionize in water. Strong acids ionize completely whereas weak acids ionize to some limited extent.

The degree to which a weak acid ionizes depends on the concentration of the acid and the equilibrium constant for the ionization.

The ionization of a weak acid $\text{HA}$ can be given as follows,

${\text{HA}}_{\text{(aq)}}\to {\text{H}}^{\text{+}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{+A}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

The equilibrium expression for the above reaction is given below.

  $K_a=\frac{[{\text{H}}^{\text{+}}{\text{][A}}^{\text{-}}\text{]}}{[\text{HA]}}$

Where,

  $K_a$ is acid ionization constant,

  $[{\text{H}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$  is concentration of hydrogen ion

  $[{\text{A}}^{\text{-}}\text{]}$  is concentration of acid anion

  $[\text{HA]}$ is concentration of the acid

To Calculate: The concentrations of ${\text{HSO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{-}},{\text{SO}}_4{}^{2-}\text{and}{\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ ions in a 0.20 M ${\text{KHSO}}_{\text{4}}$ solution