Explanation Given information: The reactions between the Lewis acid and the Lewis base are as follows: a) 5CO ( g ) + Fe ( s ) ⇌ Fe ( CO ) 5 ( l ) b) NH 3 ( g ) + BCl 3 ( g ) ⇌ Cl 3 BNH 3 ( s ) c) Hg 2 + ( aq ) + 4 I − ( aq ) ⇌ HgI 4 2 − ( aq ) a) 5CO ( g ) + Fe ( s ) ⇌ Fe ( CO ) 5 ( l ) Fe is a metal ion that has empty 3 d and 4 p orbitals, which can accept a lone pair of electrons. Thus, Fe acts as a Lewis acid. CO has two lone pairs of electrons on oxygen ( O ) , which are available for donation. Thus, CO acts as a Lewis base and donates its extra electrons to the metal ion Fe to form bonds and make Fe ( CO ) 5

4th Edition

ISBN: 9780078021527

Author: Julia Burdge

Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education

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Chapter 16, Problem 124QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis acid and the Lewis base in the given reactions are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Lewis acids are those species thatcan accept a lone pair of electrons. They need not have a hydrogen atom to be removed as a proton, but they are required to have an empty orbital to accommodate a lone pair of electrons.

Lewis bases are those species that can donate a pair of electrons. They may not accept a proton, but they need to have a lone pair of electrons to be donated for bond formation.

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Chapter 16, Problem 123QP

Chapter 16, Problem 125QP

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