Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305961135
Author: Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougal
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 16, Problem 11RE
REFLECT AND APPLY Two sugars are epimers of each other. Is it possible to convert one to the other without breaking covalent bonds?
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 16 - RECALL Define the following terms: polysaccharide,...Ch. 16 - RECALL Name which, if any, of the following are...Ch. 16 - RECALL Name which, if any, of the following groups...Ch. 16 - RECALL What is the difference between an...Ch. 16 - RECALL How many possible epimers of D-glucose...Ch. 16 - RECALL Why are furanoses and pyranoses the most...Ch. 16 - RECALL How many chiral centers are there in the...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Following are Fischer...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY The sugar alcohol often used in...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Consider the structures of...
Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Two sugars are epimers of each...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY How does the cyclization of...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Convert the following Haworth...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Convert each of the following...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Starting with a Fischer...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Starting with the open-chain...Ch. 16 - RECALL What is unusual about the structure of...Ch. 16 - RECALL What is the chemical difference between a...Ch. 16 - RECALL Define the term reducing sugar.Ch. 16 - BIOCHEMICAL CONNECTIONS What are the structural...Ch. 16 - RECALL Name two differences between sucrose and...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Draw a Haworth projection for...Ch. 16 - BIOCHEMICAL CONNECTIONS What is the metabolic...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Draw Haworth projection formulas...Ch. 16 - BIOCHEMICAL CONNECTIONS A friend asks you why some...Ch. 16 - RECALL What are some of the main differences...Ch. 16 - RECALL How does chitin differ from cellulose in...Ch. 16 - RECALL How does glycogen differ from starch in...Ch. 16 - RECALL What is the main structural difference...Ch. 16 - RECALL What is the main structural difference...Ch. 16 - RECALL How do the cell walls of bacteria differ...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Pectin, which occurs in plant...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Advertisements for a food...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Explain how the minor structural...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY All naturally occurring...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY An amylose chain is 5000 glucose...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Suppose that a polymer of...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Glycogen is highly branched....Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY No animal can digest cellulose....Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY How does the presence of -bonds...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY How do the sites of cleavage of...Ch. 16 - BIOCHEMICAL CONNECTIONS What is the benefit of...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY How would you expect the active...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Would you expect cross-linking...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Compare the information in the...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Why is it advantageous that...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Why is the polysaccharide chitin...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Could bacterial cell walls...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Some athletes eat diets high in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 50RECh. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Blood samples for research or...Ch. 16 - REFLECT AND APPLY Based on what you know about...Ch. 16 - RECALL What are glycoproteins? What are some of...Ch. 16 - BIOCHEMICAL CONNECTIONS Briefly indicate the role...
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- REFLECT AND APPLY Comment on the energetics of protein folding in light of the information in this chapter.arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY An amylose chain is 5000 glucose units long. At how many places must it be cleaved to reduce the average length to 2500 units? To 1000 units? To 200 units? What percentage of the glycosidic links are hydrolyzed in each case? (Even partial hydrolysis can drastically alter the physical properties of polysaccharides and thus affect their structural role in organisms.)arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Would you expect cross-linking to play a role in the structure of polysaccharides? If so, how would the cross-links be formed?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY Consider the structures of arabinose and ribose. Explain why nucleotide derivatives of arabinose, such as ara-C and ara-A, are effective metabolic poisons.arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Following are Fischer projections for a group of five-carbon sugars, all of which are aldopentoses. Identify the pairs that are enantiomers and the pairs that are epimers. (The sugars shown here are not all of the possible five-carbon sugars.)arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Draw Haworth projection formulas for dimers of glucose with the following types of glycosidic linkages: (a) A (14) linkage (both molecules of glucose in the form) (b) An ,(11) linkage (c) A (16) linkage (both molecules of glucose in the form)arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY Why is it advantageous that polysaccharides can have branched chains? How do they achieve this structural feature?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY The process of protein folding is spontaneous in the thermodynamic sense. It gives rise to a highly ordered conformation that has a lower entropy than the unfolded protein. How can this be?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Why is a trimming process important in converting precursors of tRNA and rRNA to the active forms?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY How can the synthesis and breakdown of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate be controlled independently?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY How would you expect the active site of a cellulase to differ from the active site of an enzyme that degrades starch?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Would you expect an irreversible inhibitor of an enzyme to be bound by covalent or by non-covalent interactions? Why?arrow_forward
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