Chapter 16, Problem 118A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The equation that represents the dissociation or ionization of ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{Cl}$ in water is to be determined.

Concept introduction: The breaking of compounds into simpler substances in water is defined as dissociation. The dissociation of ionic compounds will result in the formation of respective ions in ionic or electrolytic dissociation.

Answer to Problem 118A

The dissociation of given ions ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{Cl}$ in water is,

  ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{Cl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{NH}}_4{}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{Cl}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The dissociation of ionic compounds results in the formation of corresponding ions that is positive and negatively charged species.

The dissociation of ammonium chloride, ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{Cl}$ in water results in the formation of ammonium and chloride ions. The equation that represents this is,

  ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{Cl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{NH}}_4{}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{Cl}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The equation that represents the dissociation or ionization of $\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2$ in water is to be determined.

Concept introduction: The breaking of compounds into simpler substances in water is defined as dissociation. The dissociation of ionic compounds will result in the formation of respective ions in ionic or electrolytic dissociation.

Answer to Problem 118A

The dissociation of given ions $\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2$ in water is,

  $\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Cu}}^{2+}\left(aq\right)+2{\text{NO}}_3{}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The dissociation of copper nitrate, ( $\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2$ results in the formation of copper and nitrate ions. The equation is,

  $\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Cu}}^{2+}\left(aq\right)+2{\text{NO}}_3{}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The equation that represents the dissociation or ionization of ${\text{HNO}}_3$ in water is to be determined.

Concept introduction: The breaking of compounds into simpler substances in water is defined as dissociation. The dissociation of ionic compounds will result in the formation of respective ions in ionic or electrolytic dissociation.

Answer to Problem 118A

The dissociation of given ions ${\text{HNO}}_3$ in water is,

  ${\text{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)\to {\text{H}}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{NO}}_3{}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The dissociation of nitric acid, ${\text{HNO}}_3$ , results in the formation of nitrate and hydrogen ions.

  ${\text{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)\to {\text{H}}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{NO}}_3{}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The equation that represents the dissociation or ionization of ${\text{HC}}_2{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}_2$ in water is to be determined.

Concept introduction: The breaking of compounds into simpler substances in water is defined as dissociation. The dissociation of ionic compounds will result in the formation of respective ions in ionic or electrolytic dissociation.

Answer to Problem 118A

The dissociation of given ions ${\text{CH}}_3\text{COOH}$ in water is,

  ${\text{CH}}_3\text{COOH}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{H}}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{CH}}_3{\text{OO}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The dissociation of acetic acid, ${\text{CH}}_3\text{COOH}$ results in the formation of ions such as,

  ${\text{CH}}_3\text{COOH}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{H}}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{CH}}_3{\text{OO}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The equation that represents the dissociation or ionization of ${\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_4$ in water is to be determined.

Concept introduction: The breaking of compounds into simpler substances in water is defined as dissociation. The dissociation of ionic compounds will result in the formation of respective ions in ionic or electrolytic dissociation.

Answer to Problem 118A

The dissociation of given ions ${\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_4$ in water is,

  ${\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)\to 2{\text{Na}}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{SO}}_4{}^{2-}\left(aq\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The dissociation of sodium sulfate, ${\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_4$ results in the formation of sodium and sulfate ions. The equation is,

  ${\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)\to 2{\text{Na}}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{SO}}_4{}^{2-}\left(aq\right)$

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The equation that represents the dissociation or ionization of ${\text{HgCl}}_2$ in water is to be determined.

Concept introduction: The breaking of compounds into simpler substances in water is defined as dissociation. The dissociation of ionic compounds will result in the formation of respective ions in ionic or electrolytic dissociation.

Answer to Problem 118A

The dissociation of given ions ${\text{HgCl}}_2$ in water is,

  ${\text{HgCl}}_2\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Hg}}^{2+}\left(aq\right)+2{\text{Cl}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The dissociation of mercuric chloride, ${\text{HgCl}}_2$ results in the formation of ions such as,

  ${\text{HgCl}}_2\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Hg}}^{2+}\left(aq\right)+2{\text{Cl}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$