Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133128741
Author: Serope Kalpakjian, Steven Schmid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 15, Problem 8RQ
What types of defects may occur in (a) extrusion and (b) drawing?
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Students have asked these similar questions
A cylindrical billet that is 80 mm long and 32 mm diameter is reduced by
backward extrusion to a 12 mm diameter. Half die angle is 90°. If the
Johnson equation has a= 0.8 and b= 1.2 , and the flow curve for the work
material has strength coefficient is 500 MPa, and strain hardening
exponent is 0.8, Determine (a) extrusion ration, (b) true strain, (c)
extrusion strain, (d) ram pressure, and (e) ram force.
Illustrate the advantages of direct extrusion on indirect extrusion?
An open die forging operation is performed to produce a steel cylinder with a diameter of
9.7mm and a height of 1.7mm. The strength coefficient for this steel is 500MPA, and the
strain hardening exponent is 0.25. Coefficient of friction at the die-work interface is 0.12.
The initial stock of raw material has a diameter of 5mm.
(a) What height/length of stock is needed to provide sufficient volume of material for this
forging operation?
(b) Compute the maximum force that the punch must apply to form the head in this open-
die operation.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
Ch. 15 - How does extrusion differ from rolling and...Ch. 15 - Explain the difference between extrusion and...Ch. 15 - What is a spider die? What is it used for?Ch. 15 - Why are wires sometimes drawn in bundles?Ch. 15 - What is a dead-metal zone?Ch. 15 - Define the terms (a) cladding, (b) dummy block,...Ch. 15 - Why is glass a good lubricant in hot extrusion?Ch. 15 - What types of defects may occur in (a) extrusion...Ch. 15 - Describe the difference between direct and reverse...Ch. 15 - What is land? What is its function in a die?
Ch. 15 - How are tubes extruded? Can they also be drawn?...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12RQCh. 15 - What is the difference between piping and...Ch. 15 - What is impact extrusion?Ch. 15 - What is the pipe defect in extrusion?Ch. 15 - List the similarities and differences between...Ch. 15 - Explain why extrusion is a batch, or...Ch. 15 - The extrusion ratio, die geometry, extrusion...Ch. 15 - Explain why cold extrusion is an important...Ch. 15 - What is the function of a stripper plate in impact...Ch. 15 - Explain the different ways by which changing the...Ch. 15 - Glass is a good lubricant in hot extrusion. Would...Ch. 15 - How would you go about avoiding center-cracking...Ch. 15 - Table 15.1 gives temperature ranges for extruding...Ch. 15 - Will the force in direct extrusion vary as the...Ch. 15 - Comment on the significance of metal flow patterns...Ch. 15 - In which applications could you use the type of...Ch. 15 - What is the purpose of the land in a drawing die?...Ch. 15 - Can spur gears be made by (a) drawing and (b)...Ch. 15 - How would you prepare the end of a wire in order...Ch. 15 - What is the purpose of a dummy block in extrusion?...Ch. 15 - Describe your observations concerning Fig. 15.9.Ch. 15 - Occasionally, steel wire drawing will take place...Ch. 15 - Explain the advantages of bundle drawing.Ch. 15 - Under what circumstances would backward extrusion...Ch. 15 - Why is lubrication detrimental in extrusion with a...Ch. 15 - In hydrostatic extrusion, complex seals are used...Ch. 15 - Describe the purpose of a container liner in...Ch. 15 - Estimate the force required in extruding 7030...Ch. 15 - Assuming an ideal drawing process, what is the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 41QTPCh. 15 - Calculate the extrusion force for a round billet...Ch. 15 - Prob. 43QTPCh. 15 - A round wire made of a perfectly plastic material...Ch. 15 - Assume that the summary to this chapter is...Ch. 15 - Prob. 47SDPCh. 15 - Figure 15.2 shows examples of discrete parts that...Ch. 15 - The parts shown in Fig. 15.2 are economically...Ch. 15 - Survey the technical literature, and explain how...Ch. 15 - Prob. 51SDPCh. 15 - List the processes that are suitable for producing...
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- One way to describe forging processes is by the amount of work that can be done in the die. Based on this grouping, what are the three main types?arrow_forwardForging processes may be characterized by die work limitation. This categorization yields three basic types.arrow_forward1. A cylindrical billet that is 100 mm long and 50 mm in diameter is reduced by direct (forward) extrusion to a 20 mm diameter. The die angle is 90°. the flow curve for the work metal has a strength coefficient of 800 MPa. Determine (a) extrusion ratio, (b) true strain (homogeneous deformation), (c) ram pressure, and (e) ram force.arrow_forward
- Describe the effect that extrusion has on material properties with examplesarrow_forwardWhat are the advantages of a counterblow or impact forging machine? What are some of the properties desired in forging dies?arrow_forwardYou have been asked to work on some design problems and technically support the team working on extrusion and forging operations: 1) The team are extruding a billet that is 80 mm long with diameter of 40 mm is directly to a diameter of 20 mm. The extrusion die has a die angle of 75°, see Figure 1. For the work metal, K = 600 MPa and n = 0.25. In the Johnson extrusion strain equation, a = 0.8 and b = 1.4. Remaining billet length 75 Ram pressure, p D. Dr Figure 1: Extrusion process. Determine the following design parameters: (a) Extrusion ratio. (b) True strain (homogeneous deformation). (c) Extrusion strain. (d) Ram pressure at L= 80, 40, and 10 mm. (e) Draw the relationship between the ram pressure and billet length and discuss the results. What are your recommendations to dccrcase the required ram pressure?arrow_forward
- A billet 100 mm long and 40 mm diameter is to be extruded in a direct extrusion with final diameter of product 32 mm. The semi die angle is 60°. The work metal has a strength coefficient 500 Map, and strain hardening 0.2 use the Johnson formula with a=0.8 and b=1.45 to estimate the extrusion strain. Determine the pressure applied to the end of the billet as the ram moves forward.arrow_forwardWhat are the advantages and limitations of extrusion process?arrow_forwardA deep drawing operation for a cup is performed in which the inside diameter = 60 mm %3D and the height = 50 mm. The blank thickness = 3 mm, and %3D %3D the starting blank diameter = 108 mm. Punch and die radii = %3D 4 mm. Tensile strength = 400 MPa and yield strength = 180 %3D MPa for this sheet metal. Determine (a) drawing ratio, (b) reduction, (c) drawing force, and (d) blankholder force. *arrow_forward
- • A cylindrical billet that is 100 mm long and 40 mm in diameter is reduced by indirect (backward) Extrusion to a 15 mm diameter. Die angle = 90°. If the Johnson equation has a = 0.8 and b = 1.5, And the flow curve for the work metal has K = 750 MPa and n = 0.15, determine: (a) extrusion Ratio, (b) true strain (homogeneous deformation), (c) extrusion strain, (d) ram pressure, and (e) ram force.arrow_forwardWith a neat diagram differentiate the direct and indirect extrusion process. Write any two advantages and applications of extrusion.arrow_forward5) A steel specimen of rectangular cross section with 120 mm width, 180 mm thickness and 90 mm height was upset at room temperature by open-die forging to a height of 55 mm. If the strength coefficient and strain hardening exponent of this material were 1015 MPa and 0.17 respectively, the coefficient of friction is 0.2, and assuming that the thickness would not change during forging; determine the required upsetting force at the end of stroke.arrow_forward
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