(a)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the aldehyde can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In an aldehyde the counting has to be always from the carbonyl carbon that is given the number 1.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
(a)
Answer to Problem 15.21EP
The structural formula for 3-methylpentanal is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is 3-methylpentanal. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is pentane and it contains five carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given aldehyde, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, the substituent is a methyl group on third carbon atom. The first carbon atom has to be the carbonyl carbon atom as the given compound is an aldehyde.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given aldehyde is drawn.
(b)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given aldehyde has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the aldehyde can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In an aldehyde the counting has to be always from the carbonyl carbon that is given the number 1.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
(b)
Answer to Problem 15.21EP
The structural formula for 2-ethylhexanal is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is 2-ethylhexanal. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is hexane and it contains six carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given aldehyde, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, the substituent is an ethyl group on second carbon atom. The first carbon atom has to be the carbonyl carbon atom as the given compound is an aldehyde.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given aldehyde is drawn.
(c)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given aldehyde has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the aldehyde can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In an aldehyde the counting has to be always from the carbonyl carbon that is given the number 1.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
(c)
Answer to Problem 15.21EP
The structural formula for 2,2-dichloropropanal is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is 2,2-dichloropropanal. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is propane and it contains three carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given aldehyde, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, the substituents are two chlorine atoms on second carbon atom. The first carbon atom has to be the carbonyl carbon atom as the given compound is an aldehyde.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given aldehyde is drawn.
(d)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given aldehyde has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the aldehyde can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In an aldehyde the counting has to be always from the carbonyl carbon that is given the number 1.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
(d)
Answer to Problem 15.21EP
The structural formula for 4-hydroxy-2-methyloctanal is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is 4-hydroxy-2-methyloctanal. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is octane and it contains eight carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given aldehyde, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, the substituents are a methyl group on second carbon atom and a hydroxyl group on fourth carbon atom. The first carbon atom has to be the carbonyl carbon atom as the given compound is an aldehyde.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given aldehyde is drawn.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Bundle: General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 7th + OWLv2 Quick Prep for General Chemistry, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card
- - DRAW STRUCTURAL FORMULAS FOR THE FOLLOWING ALDEHYDES. A. BUTANAL B. FORMALDEHYDE C. 2,4-DIMETHYLPENTANAL D. PROPIONALDEHYDE.arrow_forwardWrite the condensed structural formula of the following alcohols and their classification. a. 2-heptanol c. 3-phenyl-1-butanol e. 3-ethyl-2-pentanol b. 2-methyl-2-heptanol d. 2,2-dimethyl-1-hexanol f. 3,5-dimethylcylohexanolarrow_forward4. The organic starting materials for the preparation of an ester could be C. a ketone and alcohol A an acid and alcohol B. water and oxygen D. alkane and aldehydearrow_forward
- What is the functional group of the following compound A. Ketone B.ester C.amide D.etherarrow_forward1. Which of the following structural features is possessed by aldehydes but not ketones? a. At least one hydroxyl group is bonded to the carbonyl carbon atom. b. At least one hydrogen atom is bonded to the carbonyl carbon atom. c. The carbonyl carbon atom is bonded to two other carbon atoms. d. The carbonyl carbon atom is part of a ring structure. 2. What is the IUPAC name of the following compound in the attached photo? a. 3-chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid b. 2-chloro-4-carboxynitrobenzene c. 2-nitro-5-carboxychlorobenzene d. 2-chloro-1-nitro-4-benzoic acid 3. Which of the following is the correct bond-line structure for CH3C≡C(CH2)2CH(CH3)2? a. Structure I b. Structure II c. Structure III d. Structure IVarrow_forwardWhich of the following functional group is usually prepared by a condensation reaction? a. Aldehyde b. Alcohol c. Ethers d. Ketonesarrow_forward
- Which of the following organic compounds has a functional group of a carboxyl group?A. alkyl halide B. ester C. ketone D. aminearrow_forwardEach of the following alcohols is named incorrectly. Draw structural formulas, and then give the correct IUPAC name for each alcohol. a. 1,5-cyclohexanediol b. 3-ethyl-2-butanol c. 2-ethyl-1-propanol d. 3,4-pentanediolarrow_forwardRefer to the given structure, which of the choices will complete the reaction a. Ethyl chloride and Aluminum chloride b. Propanoyl bromide and Aluminum bromide c. Butanoyl chloride and Aluminum chloride d. 1-bromopropane and Aluminum bromidearrow_forward
- What do you call to the aromatic hydrocarbon when added with an alcohol? a. toluene b. anisole c. aniline d. phenolarrow_forward1. Draw the structural formula of the hemiacetal formed from each ơf the following pairs of reactants. a. Acetaldehyde and methanol 0 b. 2-Pentanone and ethyl alcohol С. Butanal and isopropyl alcohol d. Acetone and ethanolarrow_forwardWrite the condensed formula for each of the following compounds.a. 3-Methylnonanal c. 4-Fluorohexanalb. b-Bromovaleraldehyde d. a,b-Dimethylbutyraldehydearrow_forward
World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning