Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol. Concept Introduction: Carbohydrates undergo reduction similar to an alkene . When an aldose is treated with hydrogen in presence of palladium as catalyst the carbonyl group present in the aldose is reduced resulting in formation of alditol . This is also known as “sugar alcohol”. Carbohydrates also undergo oxidation. Monosaccharides that are aldoses contains an aldehyde group. The carbonyl of the aldehyde undergoes oxidation very easily resulting in the formation of carboxyl group. The product formed is known as aldonic acid .

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 14.4, Problem 14.14P

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Carbohydrates undergo reduction similar to an alkene. When an aldose is treated with hydrogen in presence of palladium as catalyst the carbonyl group present in the aldose is reduced resulting in formation of alditol. This is also known as “sugar alcohol”.

Carbohydrates also undergo oxidation. Monosaccharides that are aldoses contains an aldehyde group. The carbonyl of the aldehyde undergoes oxidation very easily resulting in the formation of carboxyl group. The product formed is known as aldonic acid.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

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Transmitance 3. Which one of the following compounds corresponds to this IR spectrum? Point out the absorption band(s) that helped you decide. OH H3C OH H₂C CH3 H3C CH3 H3C INFRARED SPECTRUM 0.8- 0.6 0.4- 0.2 3000 2000 1000 Wavenumber (cm-1) 4. Consider this compound: H3C On the structure above, label the different types of H's as A, B, C, etc. In table form, list the labeled signals, and for each one state the number of hydrogens, their shifts, and the splitting you would observe for these hydrogens in the ¹H NMR spectrum. Label # of hydrogens splitting Shift (2)

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 14.4, Problem 14.14P

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Carbohydrates undergo reduction similar to an alkene. When an aldose is treated with hydrogen in presence of palladium as catalyst the carbonyl group present in the aldose is reduced resulting in formation of alditol. This is also known as “sugar alcohol”.

Carbohydrates also undergo oxidation. Monosaccharides that are aldoses contains an aldehyde group. The carbonyl of the aldehyde undergoes oxidation very easily resulting in the formation of carboxyl group. The product formed is known as aldonic acid.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 14.4, Problem 14.14P

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Carbohydrates undergo reduction similar to an alkene. When an aldose is treated with hydrogen in presence of palladium as catalyst the carbonyl group present in the aldose is reduced resulting in formation of alditol. This is also known as “sugar alcohol”.

Carbohydrates also undergo oxidation. Monosaccharides that are aldoses contains an aldehyde group. The carbonyl of the aldehyde undergoes oxidation very easily resulting in the formation of carboxyl group. The product formed is known as aldonic acid.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 14.4, Problem 14.14P

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Carbohydrates undergo reduction similar to an alkene. When an aldose is treated with hydrogen in presence of palladium as catalyst the carbonyl group present in the aldose is reduced resulting in formation of alditol. This is also known as “sugar alcohol”.

Carbohydrates also undergo oxidation. Monosaccharides that are aldoses contains an aldehyde group. The carbonyl of the aldehyde undergoes oxidation very easily resulting in the formation of carboxyl group. The product formed is known as aldonic acid.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

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Answer 5

Chapter 14.4, Problem 14.14P

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Carbohydrates undergo reduction similar to an alkene. When an aldose is treated with hydrogen in presence of palladium as catalyst the carbonyl group present in the aldose is reduced resulting in formation of alditol. This is also known as “sugar alcohol”.

Carbohydrates also undergo oxidation. Monosaccharides that are aldoses contains an aldehyde group. The carbonyl of the aldehyde undergoes oxidation very easily resulting in the formation of carboxyl group. The product formed is known as aldonic acid.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

Answer 6

Chapter 14.4, Problem 14.14P

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Carbohydrates undergo reduction similar to an alkene. When an aldose is treated with hydrogen in presence of palladium as catalyst the carbonyl group present in the aldose is reduced resulting in formation of alditol. This is also known as “sugar alcohol”.

Carbohydrates also undergo oxidation. Monosaccharides that are aldoses contains an aldehyde group. The carbonyl of the aldehyde undergoes oxidation very easily resulting in the formation of carboxyl group. The product formed is known as aldonic acid.

Answer 7

Chapter 14.4, Problem 14.14P

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Carbohydrates undergo reduction similar to an alkene. When an aldose is treated with hydrogen in presence of palladium as catalyst the carbonyl group present in the aldose is reduced resulting in formation of alditol. This is also known as “sugar alcohol”.

Carbohydrates also undergo oxidation. Monosaccharides that are aldoses contains an aldehyde group. The carbonyl of the aldehyde undergoes oxidation very easily resulting in the formation of carboxyl group. The product formed is known as aldonic acid.

Answer 8

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

Answer 9

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 14.1 - Draw a Lewis structure for glucose that clearly...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.2P Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.3P Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.4P Ch. 14.2 - Rank the following compounds in order of...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.6P Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.7P Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.8P Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.9P Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 14.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that a given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid.

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Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

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Chapter 14 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that a given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid.

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Interpretation: Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol. Concept Introduction: Refer part “a.”.

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Chapter 14 Solutions

Interpretation:

Given compound has to be labelled as an aldonic acid or alditol.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.