ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: AN INTEGRATIVE APP
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781266163654
Author: McKinley
Publisher: MCG
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 14.4, Problem 13WDL
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The difference between the direct and indirect motor pathways.
Concept introduction:
The direct pathway involves the transfer of the signal impulse in the brain through the formation of the synapses and junctions between the neurons. The signal is finally transferred to the spinal cord. The indirect pathway involves the transfer of the signal impulses from the brain to the spinal cord.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
If using animals in medical experiments could save human lives, is it ethical to do so? In your answer, apply at least one ethical theory in support of your position.
You aim to test the hypothesis that the Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes inhibit each other's expression during limb development. With access to chicken embryos and viruses capable of overexpressing Tbx4 and Tbx5, describe an experiment to investigate whether these genes suppress each other's expression in the limb buds. What results would you expect if they do repress each other? What results would you expect if they do not repress each other?
You decide to delete Fgf4 and Fgf8 specifically in the limb bud. Explain why you would not knock out these genes in the entire embryo instead.
Chapter 14 Solutions
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: AN INTEGRATIVE APP
Ch. 14.1 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
1. Describe the two primary...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1WDLCh. 14.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.1 - Prob. 2WDLCh. 14.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 14.1 - Prob. 4LOCh. 14.1 - Prob. 3WDLCh. 14.1 - Prob. 4WDLCh. 14.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 14.2 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
6. Describe the locations and...
Ch. 14.2 - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
1 What are the similarities and...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 5WDLCh. 14.3 - Prob. 7LOCh. 14.3 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
8. Describe the structures that...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2WDTCh. 14.3 - Prob. 6WDLCh. 14.3 - Prob. 7WDLCh. 14.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 14.3 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
11. List the three anatomic...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 8WDLCh. 14.4 - Prob. 12LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 13LOCh. 14.4 - 9 What characteristics are common to most...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 14LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 15LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 16LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 3WDTCh. 14.4 - Prob. 4WDTCh. 14.4 - Prob. 5WDTCh. 14.4 - What are the general locations and functions of...Ch. 14.4 - What type of information does the posterior...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 17LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 18LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 19LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 12WDLCh. 14.4 - Prob. 13WDLCh. 14.5 - Prob. 20LOCh. 14.5 - Prob. 21LOCh. 14.5 - Prob. 22LOCh. 14.5 - Prob. 6WDTCh. 14.5 - Prob. 14WDLCh. 14.5 - Prob. 15WDLCh. 14.5 - Prob. 23LOCh. 14.5 - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
7 What is the benefit of having...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 16WDLCh. 14.5 - Prob. 24LOCh. 14.5 - Prob. 17WDLCh. 14.5 - Prob. 25LOCh. 14.5 - Prob. 26LOCh. 14.5 - Prob. 8WDTCh. 14.5 - Prob. 18WDLCh. 14.5 - Prob. 27LOCh. 14.5 - Prob. 28LOCh. 14.5 - Prob. 19WDLCh. 14.5 - Which nerve might you have damaged if you have...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 21WDLCh. 14.5 - Prob. 29LOCh. 14.5 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
30. Compare and contrast the...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 22WDLCh. 14.5 - Prob. 31LOCh. 14.5 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
32. Describe the composition of...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 23WDLCh. 14.6 - Prob. 33LOCh. 14.6 - Prob. 34LOCh. 14.6 - What are the four main properties of a reflex?Ch. 14.6 - Prob. 35LOCh. 14.6 - Prob. 25WDLCh. 14.6 - Prob. 36LOCh. 14.6 - Prob. 26WDLCh. 14.6 - Prob. 27WDLCh. 14.6 - Prob. 37LOCh. 14.6 - Prob. 28WDLCh. 14.6 - Identify the Golgi tendon reflex (which is an...Ch. 14.6 - Prob. 38LOCh. 14.6 - Prob. 30WDLCh. 14.7 - Prob. 39LOCh. 14.7 - Prob. 31WDLCh. 14 - Prob. 1DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 2DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 3DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 4DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 5DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 6DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 7DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 8DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 9DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 10DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 11DYBCh. 14 - List the three gray matter horns on each side of...Ch. 14 - Compare the main differences between the posterior...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 15DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 16DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 17DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 18DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 19DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 20DYBCh. 14 - Prob. 1CALCh. 14 - Prob. 2CALCh. 14 - Prob. 3CALCh. 14 - Prob. 4CALCh. 14 - Prob. 5CALCh. 14 - Prob. 1CSLCh. 14 - Prob. 2CSLCh. 14 - Prob. 3CSL
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- You implant an FGF10-coated bead into the anterior flank of a chicken embryo, directly below the level of the wing bud. What is the phenotype of the resulting ectopic limb? Briefly describe the expected expression domains of 1) Shh, 2) Tbx4, and 3) Tbx5 in the resulting ectopic limb bud.arrow_forwardDesign a grafting experiment to determine if limb mesoderm determines forelimb / hindlimb identity. Include the experiment, a control, and an interpretation in your answer.arrow_forwardThe Snapdragon is a popular garden flower that comes in a variety of colours, including red, yellow, and orange. The genotypes and associated phenotypes for some of these flowers are as follows: aabb: yellow AABB, AABb, AaBb, and AaBB: red AAbb and Aabb: orange aaBB: yellow aaBb: ? Based on this information, what would the phenotype of a Snapdragon with the genotype aaBb be and why? Question 21 options: orange because A is epistatic to B yellow because A is epistatic to B red because B is epistatic to A orange because B is epistatic to A red because A is epistatic to B yellow because B is epistatic to Aarrow_forward
- A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation? The cell membranes are more resistant than normal. An isotonic solution had been added instead of water. A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water. Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet. The man had sickle-cell anaemia.arrow_forwardA sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation? The cell membranes are more resistant than normal. An isotonic solution had been added instead of water. A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water. Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet. The man had sickle-cell anaemia.arrow_forwardWith reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobinarrow_forward
- With reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobinarrow_forwardWhich ONE of the following is FALSE regarding haemoglobin? It has two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The subunits are joined by disulphide bonds. Each subunit covalently binds a haem group. Conformational change in one subunit can be transmitted to another. There are many variant ("mutant") forms of haemoglobin that are not harmful.arrow_forwardWhich ONE of the following is FALSE regarding haemoglobin? It has two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The subunits are joined by disulphide bonds. Each subunit covalently binds a haem group. Conformational change in one subunit can be transmitted to another. There are many variant ("mutant") forms of haemoglobin that are not harmful.arrow_forward
- During a routine medical check up of a healthy man it was found that his haematocrit value was highly unusual – value of 60%. What one of the options below is the most likely reason? He will have a diet high in iron. He is likely to be suffering from anaemia. He lives at high altitude. He has recently recovered from an accident where he lost a lot of blood. He has a very large body size.arrow_forwardExplain what age of culture is most likely to produce an endospore?arrow_forwardExplain why hot temperatures greater than 45 degrees celsius would not initiate the sporulation process in endospores?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168130Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark WomblePublisher:OpenStax College
Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168130
Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher:OpenStax College
Concepts of Biology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168116
Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher:OpenStax College
Nervous System - Get to know our nervous system a bit closer, how does it works? | Neurology; Author: FreeMedEducation;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6O-0CVAgaEM;License: Standard youtube license