Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Physiology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321861580
Author: Marieb, Elaine N.
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Chapter 14, Problem 4CYU
Summary Introduction

To review:

Whether short preganglionic fibers, terminal ganglia, collateral ganglia, origin from the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord, and innervates adrenal medulla are the characteristic feature of sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system.

Introduction:

The ANS (autonomic nervous system) is comprised of two units that are the parasympathetic nervous system and SNS (sympathetic nervous system). ANS is involuntary control of the body tissues. The spinal cord comprises 31 pairs of segments and is important because the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves arise from them.

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Classify the following characteristics to demonstrate your knowledge of differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic Nervous System Most ganglia lie close to the spinal cord and form two chains of ganglia-one on each side of the spinal cord Increases intestinal motility and stimulates intestinal secretion Postganglionic axons are generally short Preganglionic axons are generally short Postganglionic axons release NE that binds to adrenergic receptors located on the effectors Decreases heart rate, contractility, and conduction velocity Ganglia lie within, or very close to, innervated organs Decreases intestinal motility and inhibits intestinal secretion Long preganglionic axons release ACh that binds to nicotinic receptors located within the ganglia Neurons leave the CNS from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord Parasympathetic Nervous System Generalized activation is called the fight-or-flight response…
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURE   FUNCTION(S)/CHARACTERISTIC(S)         SYMPATHETIC DIVISION         1 Preganglionic neuron   2 Postganglionic neuron   3 Gray horns of the spinal cord   4 Dorsal Roots of the spinal cord   5 Ventral Roots of the spinal cord   6 Dorsal Rami   7 Ventral Rami   8 White ramus communicans   9 Gray ramus communicans   10 Sympathetic trunk ganglion     (Paravertebral ganglia)   11 Superior cervical ganglion   12 Middle cervical ganglion   13 Inferior cervical ganglion   14  14a  14b  14c Prevertebral ganglia             Celiac ganglion             Superior mesenteric ganglion             Inferior mesenteric ganglion           PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISION         15 Preganglionic neuron   16 Postganglionic neuron   17 CN III Oculomotor nerve   18 CN VII Facial nerve…
Relate each of the following terms or phrases to either the sympathetic (S) or parasympathetic (P) division of the autonomic nervous system:
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